 EDUCATION IN THE UNION TERRITORIES

The Ministry of Education has been handling at the Union Government level Education in the Union Territories of Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Manipur, Tripura, Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Islands. In the case of the Territories of Himachal Pradesh, Manipur and Tripura which have their own legislatures, some of the powers, to the extent specified in the Government of Union Territories Act, 1963, are enjoyed by the respective Governments. With effect from 1964 the administration of the territories of Goa, Daman and Diu, Pondicherry and Dadra and Nagar Haveli has been transferred from Ministry of External Affairs to the Ministry of Home Affairs. From that date education in these three territories has become the responsibility of the Ministry of Education as it is in respect of other territories.

2. To give impetus to education, particularly in the backward territories, there is a liberal provision of scholarships. The Union Territories enjoy specifically the benefits of two schemes : Union Territories Overseas Scholarships and Scholarships to Cadets for studying in Rashtriya Indian Military College, Debra Dun the details of which are given under the chapter on `Scholarships'.

3. Brief reports on the progress of Education during 1964-65 in the 9 Union Territories are given in the following paragraphs

A. ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS

A.1. Expansion and Improvement.-During the year under report, there were 111 primary schools, 7 senior Basic/middle schools, 1 higher secondary multipurpose school, 2 higher secondary schools and 1 junior Basic Teacher's Training School. One more primary school has been started during the year under review. There has been a marked increase in the number of students enrolled, mainly in the primary schools.

A.2. Education of Girls.-The girls coming from rural areas and residing in the hostels are being provided with stipends at the rate of Rs. 10 p.m. per student up to middle stage and at the rate of Rs. 20 p.m. per student up to higher secondary stage. Two prizes at the rate of Rs. 10 and Rs. 15 in every primary school are being awarded to girl students for regular attendance in the primary stage. The above incentives have helped a lot in the enhancement of the enrolment of girls at the primary and secondary stages.

A.3. Development of Science Teaching.-Adequate provision has been made for providing scientific appliances to middle and higher secondary schools with a view to expand facilities for science education and to standardise the general teaching in science. One science club has also been established at the Higher Secondary Multipurpose School, Port Blair with the aid of a grant of Rs. 1,200 from the National Council of Educational Research and Training.

A.4. Scholarships and Other Educational Concessions.-Thirty-one scholarships for various courses of post-higher secondary studies have so far been awarded during the year. Stipends at the rate of Rs. 10 p.m. were awarded to 6 girls and 44 boys who came from rural areas and are residing in the school hostels for studying in middle classes. In addition 18 boys and 7 girls were also awarded stipends at the rate of Rs. 20 p.m. per student who came from rural areas and are residing in school hostels for studying in higher secondary classes. Education is free to all the children up to higher secondary stage in the Territory. Besides, textbooks, worth Rs. 16,500 have been purchased and distributed free to the children reading in classes I to XI whose parent's income is Rs. 1,500 or below per annum. Books and stationery articles worth about Rs. 6,000 have also been purchased and distributed free to all tribal students.

A.5. Teachers Training Programme.-There is only one junior Basic Teachers Training School in this Territory, where 24 untrained primary school teachers are at present receiving training. The programme also envisages training of another batch of 24 untrained primary school teachers during the ensuing year.

A.6. N.C.C. Units and Auxiliary Services.-There are, at present, four junior divisions (boys) and one junior division (Girls) in the N.C.C. Under the programme for spreading Audio-Visual Education, documentary films are being shown to school children both in the Headquarters area as well as in the rural areas periodically. Under the programme of social education, 22 social education centres and 8 Adult Literacy centres are being run at present. Social education programmes comprising adult literacy, cultural programmes, instructions for better living, agricultural methods, citizenship, every day science and general knowledge are being conducted in these centres. Library service is provided in all the centres with books in Hindi and regional languages.

A.7. Budget.-The expenditure on education for the year, 1964-65 is estimated at Rs. 7,12,600 for Plan schemes and Rs. 10,18,400 for non-Plan items. For the next year the expenditure is expected to be Rs. 10,61,200 for Plan schemes and Rs. 10,66,000 for non-Plan items.

B. DADRA AND NAGAR HAVELI

B.1. Expansion and Improvement.-At the close of the year 1963-64 there were 72 primary schools and 2 high schools. During the year 1964-65 six more primary schools were opened, with an additional enrolment of 184 students. The present enrolment in primary schools is 5681 students including 1452 girls and 309 students in high schools including 75 girls.

B.2. Education of Girls.-There are no educational institutions exclusively for girls. All the primary and secondary schools provide co-education, but it may be necessary to open institutions exclusively for girls in the near future, as there are over 1500 girls receiving education.

B.3. Development of Science Teaching.-The science laboratories of the two high schools have some equipment, but with a view to improving the standard of science teaching, it is proposed to augment equipment and apparatus.

B.4. Scholarships and Other Educational Concessions.-Nine scholarships have been given to deserving students receiving higher education outside the territory. In order to promote education among the Adivasi population of the territory, several concessions are being given to the students. Education up to XI standard is free. They, as also the poor non-Adivasi pupils, are given textbooks and other writing matrials free of cost. Free clothing is also supplied to deserving students. Free mid-day meals are distributed to all the pupils in the 18 primary schools in villages situated in the interior. There is an Adivasi hostel for boys at Silvasa run by the Administration for the poor Adivasi pupils. The entire expenditure is met by the Administration.

B.5. Teachers Training Programme.-All the teachers of secondary classes are trained. Some of the teachers of primary classes are untrained, but there is already a scheme for deputing untrained teachers for training course at the college of the neighbouring States of Gujarat and Maharashtra. At present 24 primary teachers are undergoing training with financial assistance from the Administration.

B.6. N.C.C. and Auxiliary Services.-At present there are no N.C.C. Units in the territory, but it is planned to start N.C.C. programme in both the high schools. Adult literacy classes are held in co-operation with the Block Development Office, Silvassa. Teaching aids are supplied free of cost to the adults. Various crafts are taught in the basic schools. All the pupils of the primary and secondary schools are annually medically examined by the Chief Medical Officer and the needy pupil are given treatment free of cost.

B.7. Budget.-A budget provision of Rs. 3,06,000 has been made for the Education Department for the year 1965-66 as against the current year's budget of Rs. 2,91,000.

C. DELHI

C.1. Expansion and Improvement.-To meet the ever growing demand for educational facilities in the capital, a number of new schools were opened/ upgraded at all stages during the year under report. The total number of higher secondary schools now is 367 and that of middle schools is 376 and primary schools 912.

C.2. Education of Girls.-To encourage education among girls the Delhi Administration opened/upgraded 6 girls higher secondary schools. In rural areas where separate higher secondary schools cannot be opened, free transport is provided to girls from the surrounding rural areas to a Central School. Additional courses in fine arts have been provided and special scholarships for those studying at the teachers training institute and willing to serve in rural areas have been proposed.

C.2.1. The Delhi Municipal Corporation (D.M.C.) distributed textbooks and uniform to encourage girl students to join primary schools. They also opened 20 primary schools and 17 middle schools for girls. The New Delhi Municipal Committee (N.D.M.C.) introduced special prizes for girl students to encourage them to attend their classes regularly. Free books and uniforms have also been supplied to poor girl students in the N.D.M.C. Schools.

C.3. Development of Science Teaching.-Since 1st July, 1964, Science Centre-cum-Central Workshop has been established with an aim to promote the multifarious activities in the field of science teaching. A junior science talent search contest was held for the first time as a pilot project, under the Directorate of Education. 356 students of 82 higher secondary schools participated out of which 8 students have been awarded scholarships and 17 students have qualified for merit certificates. Seminars in physics, chemistry, biology and mathematics, were organised to acquaint the teachers with the various places of scientific interest and to reorientate them in subject content, latest trends in methodology of teaching etc. In order to give impetus to co-curricular activities in the field of science, a workshop for science sponsors was organised in the month of September, 1964, in which 40 teachers participated. Science fairs have also been held to enable the students to show their experimental skill and interest in specific fields. Science laboratories of 129 government schools are expected to be further strengthened during the year under report.

C.4. Scholarships & Other Educational Concessions.-The important scholarships given by the Delhi Administration are : (1) Scholarships to the children of political sufferers, (2) Stipends to the children of Scheduled Caste/ Scheduled Tribe and economically backward classes, (3) Scholarships to the children of primary and secondary school teachers, (4) National Scholarships, (5) National Loan Scholarships, (6) Scholarships for Sanskrit Studies, (7) Merit Scholarships, (8) Scholarships in teaching and professional colleges, and (9) Open scholarships.

C.4.1. Free textbooks were supplied by D.M.C. to all children of Class I and to needy children of classes II-V. Mid-day milk is being provided to 1,80,000 primary school children by D.M.C. and Delhi Administration. In higher secondary school, heads of schools allow 10% full and 10% half freeships to poor children. 100% grant-in-aid is paid to colleges for payment of tuition fee of scheduled caste students.

C.5. Teachers Training Programme.-An additional Teachers' Training Institute was opened at Alipur for imparting two-year Junior Basic Teachers' Training. There is already one T.T.I. at Daryaganj. 114 men and 125 women candidates were admitted in these institutions this year. Most of the teachers in the territory are trained.

C.6. N.C.C. and Auxiliary Services.-The figures for 1964-65 are given below in respect of N.C.C. Junior Division and A.C.C :

                                          
                                                1964-65
        
                                          
                                 Officers       Cadets    Boys     Girls
                                                          Units    Units
        
                                          
        Senior Division N.C.C.      167         21,000    26         3
        
        Junior Division N.C.C.      160          8,000    
        
        A.C.C.                    1,450         87,800

During the year, 1964-65, while the number of officers and Cadets of Junior N.C.C. and A.C.C. have remained the, same, 16 N.C.C. Senior Divisions have been added to the existing 13 N.C.C. Units making a total of 29 N.C.C. Units.

C.6.1. An intensive adult literacy programme has been introduced in the rural areas to cover the entire illiterate population as expeditiously as possible. The Department of audio- visual education has been imparting information to the schools regarding proper use, selection and purchase of audio-visual aid. During the period under report, it organised seven workshops to train teachers. The higher secondary schools have been getting advantages of the television and radio broadcast arranged by the All India Radio. In addition, a number of seminars and workshops were organised for various training courses. An evening school is being run by the Delhi Administration for the benefit of working adults.

C.7. Budget.-The education expenses of the Delhi Administration for the current year are expected to amount to Rs. 4,23,84,100 for non-Plan items and Rs. 1,92,42,000 for Plan Schemes. For 1965-66 the provision proposed is Rs. 4,35,17,500 for non-Plan items and Rs. 2,25,67,000 for Plan items.

D. GOA, DAMAN AND DIU

D.1. Expansion and Improvement.-At the close of the year, 1963-64 there were 735 primary schools, 53 middle schools, 87 high schools, one higher secondary school, 3 arts and science colleges, one training school and one training college. There has been no change during the year under report.

D.2. Education of Girls.-There are 36,114 girls studying in primary schools and 8,067 in the secondary schools. In order however, to encourage the girls belonging to backward localities to join schools, the Government propose to open three more girls schools during 1965-66.

D.3. Development of Science Teaching.-Adequate laboratory fa- cilities are provided in the secondary schools for teaching of science. Special initial increments are given to qualified science graduate teachers to attract them towards teaching in the schools, so that the standard of science education may be improved. It is proposed to give special laboratory Grants to some of the schools, under "Crash Programme for the Development of Science Education."

D.4. Scholarships And Other Educational Concessions.-340 scholarships at Rs. 50/- per annum have been awarded at the primary level, 250 scholarships at Rs. 15 p.m. at the secondary level and 100 scholarships at Rs. 50 p.m. at the collegiate level, 10 scholarships each of Rs. 150/- p.m. were awarded for the students in engineering colleges. In addition 3 scholarships of Rs. 416/- p.m. have been awarded for foreign studies.

D.4.1. The scheme of giving free education to the students belonging to scheduled castes and scheduled tribes was also introduced during 1963-64. It is proposed to continue the scheme during 1965-66. In addition to this it is also contemplated to give facilities for free education upto the secondary stage for the low income groups. The Mid-day meal scheme has also been started in the backward areas of the territory during the current year. The scheme envisages payment of Re. 0.20 p. per pupil per meal for 140 days.

D.5. Teachers Training Programme.-In order to have trained teachers, the Government had converted the existing normal school into a Teachers Training College and 100 in-service teachers were deputed for training

during the year, 1964-65. A plot of land for construction of the building for the training college has been acquired and it is expected that the building will be constructed soon.

D.6. N.C.C. and Auxiliary Services.-There are at present 15 companies comprising 4 companies of Junior Division Army Wing, 7 Companies of Junior Division Naval Wing, 1 Senior Division Army Wing, 1 Goa Girls Company, 1 Senior Division Naval Wing and 1 Goa Naval Head Unit.

D.6.1. The Administration has provided necessary funds during the current year for strengthening of National Library at Panjim and for giving grants to other libraries. The scheme of adult education was introduced during 1964-65 in order to eradicate illiteracy. This scheme is proposed to be continued during 1965-66. The Government is also paying maintenance grant to various institutions for the purchase of projectors. It is also proposed to give special grants during 1965-66 to about 10 schools to buy projectors. It is also proposed to establish a film library during 1965-66.

D.7. Budget.-The educational expenses for the current year are expected.to amount to Rs. 83,50,000 and a provision of Rs. 90,00,000 has been proposed for 1965-66.

E. HIMACHAL PRADESH

E.1. Expansion and Improvement.-During the year under review 166 primary/junior Basic schools were opened and 34 primary/junior Basic schools were upgraded. One middle school was upgraded to high school. There was an additional enrolment of 12,000 in the age group 6-11 and about 4,000 in the age group 11-14, and about 1,300 in the age group 14-17.

E.2. Education of Girls.-The number of institutions exclusively for girls is 35 and these include 15 primary schools, 15 middle schools, 2 high schools and 8 higher secondary schools.

E.2.1. There is co-education in the primary schools as also in the primary classes of middle, high and higher secondary schools. Various incentives such as attendance scholarships, free-ships, appointment of school mothers, free clothing for school dress for a large number of girl students, ant of free textbooks, appointment of women teachers, rural allowances for lady teachers etc., have been introduced for promoting girls education. There is a State Advisory Council of Women Education to advise the Department on matters connected with girls education.

E.3. Development of Science Teaching.-General Science is already a compulsory subject of study in primary and middle classes. Steps are also being taken to augment laboratory equipment and apparatus for the improvement of science teaching in secondary schools.

E.4. Scholarships and Other Educational Concessions.-Scholarships have been awarded to students for the various courses of studies for technical education, post-graduate studies, and special scholarship for girls. Financial assistance is provided to a large number of students in the form of stipends, attendance scholarships, free text- books and free school uniforms.

E.5. Teachers Training Programme.-The education Department main- tains one training college and five training schools and five training units for

training teachers. For the training of Art and Craft Teachers, necessary facilities have been provided in the College of Arts, Nahan. The Training College also provides facilities for training of teachers in Hindi and Sanskrit., It is also proposed to start a Training class for Home Science Teachers for middle classes in the Training College.