240
STATEMENT NO 3
Distribution of Literates and Illiterates among Population Aged 7 year and above by Sex and
Area, 1981-1991
(in millions)
Literates Illiterates
Year/ Area Persons Male Female Persons Male Percale
1981*
All Areas 234.15 157.08 77.07 302.06 120.96 181.10
(43.6) (56.5) (29.8) (56.4) (43.5) (70.2)
Rural Areas 146.60 103.51 43.09 259.59 104.80 154.79
(36.1) (49.7) (21.8) (63.9) (50.3) (78.2)
Urban Areas 87.55 53.57 33.98 42.47 16.16 26.31
(67.3) (76.8) (56.4) (32.7) (23.2) (43.6)
1991**
All Areas 349.76 223.70 126.06 320.41 124.77 195.64
(52.2) (64.2) (39.2) (47.8) (35.8) (60.8)
Rural Areas 218.32 146.38 71.94 271.81 106.69 165.12
(44.5) (57.8) (30.3) (55.5) (42.2) (69.7)
Urban Areas 131.44 77.32 54.12 48.60 18.08 30. 52
(73.1) (81.0) (63.9) (26.9) (19.0) (36.1)
* Excludes Assam where 1981 Census was not held.
** Excludes Jammu & Kashmir where 1991 Census was not held.
Literacy rates and number of illiterates for 1991 are based on estimated
population aged 7 Years and above.
Note: Figures in parenthesis indicate percentage to the corresponding
population.
Source: Census of India, 1991-Paper 2 of 1991 (p.51)
241
STATEMENT N0.4 PERCENTAGE OF LITERATES TO ESTIMATED POPULATION AGED 7 YEAR AND ABOVE 1981 AND 1991
STATE UNION 1981 LITERACY RATES 1991 LITERACY RATES
TERRYTORIES
PERSONS MALES FEMALES PERSONS MALES FEMALES
1 ANDHRA PRADESH 35.66 46.83 24.16 44.09 55.13 32.72
2 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 25.55 35.12 14.02 41.59 51.45 29.69
3 ASSAM 0.00 0.00 0.00 52.89 61.87 43.03
4 BIHAR 32.05 46.60 16.52 38.48 52.49 22.89
5 GOA 65.71 76.01 55.17 75.51 83.64 67.09
6 GUJARAT 52.21 65.14 38.46 61.29 73.13 48.64
7 HARYANA 43.88 58.51 26.93 55.85 69.10 40.47
8 HIMACHAL PRADESH 51.18 64.27 37.72 63.86 75.36 52.13
9 JAMMU & KASHMIR 32.68 44.18 19.55 0.00 0.00 0.00
10 KARNATAKA 46.21 58.73 33.17 56.04 67.26 44.34
11 KERALA 81.56 87.73 75.65 89.81 93.62 86.17
12 MADHYA PRADESH 34.23 48.42 19.00 44.20 58.42 28.85
13 MAHARASHTRA 55.83 69.65 41.01 64.87 76.56 52.32
14 MANIPUR 49.66 64.15 34.67 59.89 71.63 47.60
15 MEGHALAYA 42.05 46.65 37.17 49.10 53.12 44.85
16 MIZORAM 74.26 79.36 68.61 82.27 85.61 78.60
17 NAGALAND 50.28 58.58 40.39 61.65 67.62 54.75
18 ORISSA 40.97 56.45 25.14 49.09 63.09 34.68
19 PUNJAB 48.17 55.56 39.70 58.51 65.66 50.41
20 RAJASTHAN 30.11 44.77 14.00 38.55 54.99 20.44
21 SIKKIM 41.59 53.00 27.38 56.94 65.74 46.69
22 TAMIL NADU 54.39 68.05 40.43 62.66 73.75 51.33
23 TRIPURA 50.11 61.49 38.01 60.44 70.58 49.65
24 UTTAR PRADESH 33.35 47.45 17.19 41.60 55.73 25.31
25 WEST BENGAL 48.65 59.93 36.07 57.70 67.81 46.56
26 A & N ISLANDS 63.19 70.29 53.19 73.02 78.99 65.46
27 CHANDIGARH 74.81 78.89 69.31 77.81 82.04 72.34
28 DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI 32.70 44.64 20.37 40.71 53.56 26.98
29 DAMAN & DIU 59.91 74.47 46.50 71.20 82.66 59.40
30 DELHI 71.94 79.28 62.60 75.29 82.01 66.99
31 LAKSHADWEEP 68.42 81.24 55.32 81.78 90.18 72.89
32 PONDICHERRY 65.14 77.09 53.03 74.74 83.68 65.63
INDIA 43.67 56.50 29.85 52.21 64.13 39.29
* Census were not conducted in Assam in 1981 and J&K in 1991.
Source: Census of India in 1991, Final Population Totals (paper 2 of 1992)
242
STATEMENT NO. 5
STATE AND UNION TERRITORIES ARRANGED IN DESCENDING ORDER OF LITERACY RATE AMONG PERSONS, MALES AND FEMALES:
1991
MALE FEMALE
STATE/ LITERACY STATE/ LITERACY STATE/ LITERACY
UNION TERRITORY RATE UNION TERRITORY RATE UNION TERRITORY RATE
KERALA 89.81 KERALA 93.62 KERALA 86.17
MIZORAM 82.27 LAKSHADWEEP 90.18 MIZORAM 78.60
LAKSHADWEEP 81.78 MIZORAM 85.61 LAKSHADWEEP 72.89
CHANDIGARH 77.81 PONDICHERRY 83.68 CHANDIGARH 72.34
GOA 75.51 GOA 83.64 GOA 67.09
DELHI 75.29 DAMAN & DIU 82.66 DELHI 66.99
PONDICHERRY 74.74 CHANDIGARH 82.04 PONDICHERRY 65.63
A & N ISLANDS 73.02 DELHI 82.01 A & N ISLANDS 65.46
DAMAN & DIU 71.20 A & N ISLANDS 78.99 DAMAN & DIU 59.40
MAHARASHTRA 64.87 MAHARASHTRA 76.56 NAGALAND 54.75
HIMACHAL PRADESH 63.86 HIMACHAL PRADESH 75.36 MAHARASHTRA 52.32
TAMIL NADU 62.66 TAMIL NADU 73.75 HIMACHAL PRADESH 52.13
NAGALAND 61.65 GUJARAT 73.13 TAMIL NADU 51.33
GUJARAT 61.29 MANIPUR 71.63 PUNJAB 50.41
TRIPURA 60.44 TRIPURA 70.58 TRIPURA 49.65
MANIPUR 59.89 HARYANA 69.10 GUJARAT 48.64
PUNJAB 58.51 WEST BENGAL 67.81 MANIPUR 47.60
WEST BENGAL 57.70 NAGALAND 67.62 SIKKIM 46.69
SIKKIM 56.94 KARNATAKA 67.26 WEST BENGAL 46.56
KARANATAKA 56.04 SIKKIM 65.74 MEGHALAYA 44.85
HARYANA 55.85 PUNJAB 65.66 KARNATAKA 44.34
ASSAM 52.89 INDIA 64.13 ASSAM 43.03
INDIA 52.21 ORISSA 63.09 HARYANA 40.47
MEGHALAYA 49.10 ASSAM 61.87 INDIA 39.29
ORISSA 49.09 MADHYA PRADESH 58.42 ORISSA 34.68
MADHYA PRADESH 44.20 UTTAR PRADESH 55.73 ANDHRA PRADESH 32.72
ANDHRA PRADESH 44.09 ANDHRA PRADESH 55.13 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 29.69
UTTAR PRADESH 41.60 RAJASTHAN 54.99 MADHYA PRADESH 28.85
ARUNACHAL PRADESH 41.59 D & N HAVELI 53.56 DADAR &NAGAR HAVELI 26.98
D & N HAVELI 40.71 MEGHALAYA 53.12 UTTAR PRADESH 25.31
RAJASTHAN 38.55 BIHAR 52.49 BIHAR 22.89
BIHAR 38.48 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 51.45 RAJASTHAN 20.44
243
244
STATEMENT No. 7
Literacy Rates of Scheduled Caste 1991 Census- in descending order
STATE/U.T Literacy Rates of
Scheduled Castes
1 KERALA 79.66
2 DAMAN & DIU 79.18
3 MIZORAM 77.92
4 DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI 77.64
5 GUJARAT 61.07
6 GOA 58.73
7 DELHI 57.60
8 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 57.27
9 TRIPURA 56.66
10 MAHARASHTRA 56.46
11 MANIPUR 56.44
12 PONDICHERRY 56.26
13 CHANDIGARH 55.44
14 ASSAM 53.94
15 HIMACHAL PRADESH 53.20
16 SIKKIM 51.03
17 TAMIL NADU 46.74
18 MEGHALAYA 44.27
19 WEST BENGAL 42.21
20 PUNJAB 41.09
21 HARYANA 39.22
22 KARANATAKA 38.06
23 ORISSA 36.78
24 MADHYA PRADESH 35.08
25 ANDHRA PRADESH 31.59
26 UTTAR PRADESH 26.85
27 RAJASTHAN 26.29
28 BIHAR 19.49
29 JAMMU & KASHMIR @ --
30 NAGALAND * --
31 A & N ISLANDS --
32 LAKSHADWEEP * --
INDIA 37.41
* SCHEDULED CASTES POPULATION DO NOT EXIST
@ CENSUS WAS NOT HELD IN JAMMU & KASHMIR.
245
STATEMENT NO. 8
LITERACY RATES OF SCHEDULED TRIBES 1991 CENSUS- IN DESCENDING ORDER
STATE/U.T LITERACY RATES OF
SCHEDULED TRIBES
1 MIZORAM 82.71
2 LAKSHADWEEP 80.58
3 NAGALAND 60.59
4 SIKKIM 59.01
5 KERALA 57.22
6 A & ISLANDS 56.62
7 MANIPUR 53.63
8 DAMAN & DIU 52.91
9 ASSAM 49.16
10 HIMACHAL PRADESH 47.09
11 MEGHALAYA 46.71
12 GOA 42.91
13 TRIPURA 40.37
14 MAHARASHTRA 36.79
15 GUJARAT 36.45
16 KARNATAKA 36.01
17 UTTAR PRADESH 35.70
18 ARUNCHAL PRADESH 34.45
19 DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI 28.21
20 TAMIL NADU 27.89
21 WEST BENGAL 27.78
22 BIHAR 26.78
23 MADHYA PRADESH 21.54
24 ORISSA 22.31
25 RAJASTHAN 19.44
26 ANDHRA PRADESH 17.16
27 HARYANA * --
28 PUNJAB * --
29 CHANDIGARH * --
30 DELHI * --
31 PONDICHERRY * --
32 JAMMU & KASHMIR @ --
INDIA 29.60
* SCHEDULED TRIBES POPULATION DO NOT EXIST
@. CENSUS WAS NOT HELD IN JAMMU & KASHMIR
246
STATEMENT NO. 9
GROWTH OF RECOGNISED EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS SINCE 1951
YEAR PRIMARY UPPER HIGH/Hr. COLLEGE COLLEGE UNIVERSITIES
PRIMARY SEC.SCHOOL FOR FOR
INTER/ GEN.EDN. PROF.
PRE-DEGREE EDN.
JR.COLLEGES
1950-51 209671 13596 7416 370 208 27
1955-56 278135 21730 10838 466 218 31
1960-61 330399 49663 17329 967 852 45
1965-66 391064 75796 27614 1536 770 64
1970-71 408378 90621 37051 2285 992 82
1975-76 454270 106571 43054 3667 3276** 101
1980-81 494503 118555 51573 3421 3542** 110
1985-86 528872 134846 65837 4067 1533** 126
1990-91 560935 151456 79796 4862 886 184@
1991-92 565786 152077 81747 5058 950 196@
1992-93* 572541 153921 84086 5334 989 207@
1993-94* 572923 155707 88411 5639 1125 213@
1994-95* 581305 163605 92252 6089 1230 219@
* PROVISIONAL
** INCLUDES INSTITUTIONS FOR POST-MATRIC COURSES
@ INCLUDES DEEMED TO BE UNIVERSITIES & INSTITUTIONS OF
NATIONAL IMPORTANCE
247
248
249
STATEMENT NO. 12
TOTAL NUMBER OF RECOGNISED EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN INDIA (1994-95)
SN. STATE/U.Ts. PRIMARY MIDDLE HIGH SCHOOL/ COLLEGES PROF. UNIVERSITIES
Hr.SEC. FOR EDUCATION
INTERMEDIATE GENERAL @
PRE-DEGREE/ EDUCATION
JR. COLLEGES
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 Andhra Pradesh 49153 6851 9072 582 108 18
2 Arunachal Pradesh 1195 293 136 4 0 1
3 Assam 29173 6729 3856 233 19 6
4 Bihar 53053 13506 4189 742 73 18
5 Goa 1021 113 422 20 7 1
6 Gujarat 14338 18943 5639 300 75 11
7 Haryana 5659 1425 2639 128 26 4
8 Himachal Pradesh 7611 1015 1059 51 4 3
9 Jammu & Kashmir 9784 2668 1278 33 9 3
10 Karanataka 22768 18916 7248 617 134 13
11 Kerala 6694 2912 2730 169 32 7
12 Madhya Pradesh 72478 16301 5037 448 40 15
13 Maharashtra 40628 20654 13106 739 387 22
14 Manipur 3027 702 533 29 3 2
15 Meghalaya 4177 827 403 26 1 1
16 Mizoram 1149 683 301 17 1 0
17 Nagaland 1399 418 245 16 1 1
18 Orissa 42104 12096 5684 463 31 5
19 Punjab 12509 1516 2973 177 33 4
20 Rajasthan 34569 11008 4512 173 50 10
21 Sikkim 529 118 88 1 0 0
22 Tamil Nadu 30351 5578 5658 234 79 19
23 Tripura 2055 435 498 14 2 1
24 Uttar Pradesh 82023 15976 6637 486 34 28
25 West Bengal 51021 3156 6728 303 62 12
26 A & N Islands 184 45 72 2 1 0
27 Chandigarh 29 12 64 12 4 2
28 D & N Haveli 139 43 15 0 0 0
29 Daman & Diu 49 20 21 1 1 0
30 Delhi 2072 531 1263 62 9 11
31 Lakshadweep 19 4 11 0 0 0
32 Pondicherry 345 111 135 7 4 1
INDIA 581305 163605 92252 6089 1230 219
* Included Deemed to be Universities and Institutions of National Importance.
@ Includes only College of Engg./Tech, Medical, Research & Training Colleges.
Sources: Selected Education Statistics 1994-95