CAHPTER IV
EDUCATION IN THE UNION TERRITORIES
 

Education in the Union Territories is broadly the responsibility of the Government of India. The Territories of Goa, Daman and Diu, Himachal Pradesh, Manipur, Pondicherry and Tripura have their own legislatures, and powers specified in the Government of Union Territories Act, 1963, are enjoyed by the respective Governments.

2. A brief report on the progress of school education during 1967-68 in the Union Territories is given in the following paragraphs.

A. ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS

3. Educational Facilities : During the year under report, there were primary schools/middle/senior Basic schools, 3 higher secondary schools and one Central higher secondary school in the Territory. The primary, middle and higher secondary schools started up to the last year have been continued and adequate facilities to accommodate additional enrolment have been made. One Central School has also been started under the Kendriya Vidayalaya Sangathan.

4. Education of Girls: There is one higher secondary school for girls. To promote girls' education, stipends are paid to the students coming from rural areas and residing in hostels and transport facilities at concessional rates are available to others.

5. Science Teaching: General Science is taught as a compulsory subject up to the secondary stage and as an elective subject from class IX in all the higher secondary schools.

5.1. Steps are being taken to provide equipment for the science laboratories. For better teaching of general science, qualified science teachers have been provided to three senior Basic schools and all the higher secondary schools.

6. Scholarships and Other Concessions: Education is free up to higher secondary stage and an adequate number of scholarships is given for post-matric studies on the mainland. Free textbooks are also supplied to poor students reading at the pre-higher secondary stage on the Islands and at the post-higher secondary stage in institutions on the mainland.

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7. All school-going children of scheduled tribes are entitled to get free supply of books and stationery. They also get two sets of uniforms per year at 50% of the cost.

8. A midday meals scheme provides for the supply of nutritious snacks to all students.

9. Teacher Training: There is one Junior Basic Teachers' Training School at Port Blair with an intake capacity of 24 trainees.

10. Higher Education: A full-time undergraduate college has been set up to cater to the educational requirements of government. employees as well as the general public. The College was inaugurated by the Home Minister in November, 1967.

11. Budget: The expenditure on general education for the year 1967-68 is estimated at Rs. 11.82 lakh for Plan schemes and Rs. 19.94 lakh for non-Plan items. For the year 1968-69, the expenditure is expected to be Rs. 12.73 lakh for Plan schemes and Rs. 21.94 lakh for non-Plan items.

B. CHANDIGARH

12. Educational Facilities: The Union Territory of Chandigarh came into existence on 1st November, 1966. During the year under review, there are 32 primary, 13 middle and 14 high/ higher secondary schools in the Territory. The enrolment for the year 1967-68 is indicated below:

 
             Primary stage                                        10,335
             Middle stage                                          5,234
             Secondary stage                                      15,741
        
                                          

13. Science Teaching: Science is taught as a compulsory subject up to the middle department and as an elective subject in higher secondary classes. Science laboratories in secondary schools have been adequately equipped.

14. Scholarships and Other Concessions: Education is free up to VIII standard. Scheduled Caste, Scheduled Tribe and other economically backward class students are allowed full free-concession and refund of examination fee. Scholarships are given to students under a number of schemes.

15. Teacher Training: There are two junior Basic training institutions, one, graduate training college and one institute of English. The annual intake capacity is 288 in the junior Basic

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institutions, 304 in the training college and 120 in the institute of English.

16. Budget: The expenditure on general education for the year 1967-68 is estimated at about Rs. 3.91 lakh for Plan schemes and Rs. 82.54 lakh for non-Plan items. For the next year i.e. 1968-69, the expenditure is expected to be Rs. 9.04 lakh for Plan schemes and Rs. 85.15 lakh for non-Plan items.

C. DADRA AND NAGAR HAVELI

17. Educational Facilities: During the year under report, there were 68 primary schools, 18 middle/senior Basic schools and three high schools in the Territory. The enrolment for the year 1967-68 is given below.

 
        
             Primary stage                                          2,986
             Middle stage                                           3,540
             Secondary stage                                          481
        
                                          

All Government primary and secondary schools are co-educational.

18. Scholarships and Other Concessions: Education is free up to the high school stage. There are also several schemes to give scholarships to students. The Administration is supplying, free of cost, textbooks and writing materials to all the pupils belonging to the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes as well as to economically backward pupils from standards I to X. Moreover, all Adivasi and the poor non-Adivasi pupils of primary schools are given clothes free. Primary schools situated in the interior are having their midday meals free of cost. The Administration runs one Adivasi hostel at Silvassa, where pupils belonging to scheduled castes and scheduled tribes from the interior of the Territory are admitted from standard V onwards.

19. Budget: The expenditure on general education for the year 1967-68 is estimated at Rs. 3.25 lakh for Plan schemes and Rs. 6.27 lakh for non-Plan items. For the next year, the expenditure is expected to be Rs. 4.15 lakh for Plan schemes and Rs. 6.62 lakh for non-Plan items.

DELHI

20. Educational Facilities: During the year under review, there were 926 primary schools, 461 middle schools and 407 higher secondary schools in the Territory. Of these, one middle

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school and 16 higher secondary schools were started during 1967-68. The total enrolment during 1967-68 was as follows:

        
             Primary stage                                     4,30,533
             Middle stage                                      1,94,602
             Secondary stage                                   1,13,998
        
                                          

21. Education of Girls: There were 387 primary schools, 199 middle schools and 164 higher secondary schools, for girls. To promote girls' education, special allowances were given to women teachers and stipends to women teacher trainees. A scheme of free transport facilities in rural areas is also in operation.

22. Science Education: In order to make the teaching of science more effective steps have been taken to strengthen school laboratories with equipment.

23. Scholarships and other Concessions : Education is free up to class VIII. Open scholarships of the value of Rs. 50 per annum, are awarded at the middle stage (classes VI-VIII) for three years. Besides, open scholarships of the value Rs. 10 per month are given in higher secondary classes (IX-XI). There are also other scholarship schemes such as charitable scholarships, destitute scholarships, scholarships for political sufferers, scholarships in industrial schools in addition to the Government of India scholarships.

24. Teacher Training: There are three institutions for the training of primary teachers and one nursery teachers training institute. There are three colleges for the training of secondary school teachers. The annual intake capacity is 462 in primary, 305 in secondary training institutions, and 87 for postgraduate training.

25. Adult Literacy: It was proposed to make 40,000 illiterate adults literate between 1966-67 and 1970-71. The programme for the current year envisages educating 10,000 adults and there is a similar programme for the next year also.

26. Salaries of Teachers: As a step towards improving the professional and economic status of teachers, salary scales of all categories of teachers were revised with effect from 21st of December, 1967. Generally speaking, the total emoluments (comprising basic salary and dearness allowance only) of different categories of teachers under the revised salary-scales will exceed, those recommended by the Education Commission as

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well as those enjoyed at present by their counterparts in most parts of the country.

27. Correspondence Course for Higher Secondary Stage: It has been decided to institute correspondence course to impart higher secondary education (classes IX to XI) and prepare candidates for the higher secondary examination. The syllabus will correspond to that of all-India scheme of the Central Board of Secondary Education and the medium will be Hindi to begin with. The course which will be open to candidates from all parts of the country will start from 1st May, 1968 and its duration will be four years.

28. Budget : The expenditure on general education for the year 1967-68 is estimated at Rs. 122.59 lakh for Plan schemes and Rs. 867.30 lakh for non-Plan items. For the next year, i.e. 1968-69, the expenditure is expected to be Rs. 162.50 lakh for Plan schemes and Rs. 915.50 lakh for non-Plan items.

E. GOA, DAMAN AND DIU

29. Educational Facilities: During the year under review, there, were 1,031 primary schools including primary sections of secondary schools, 188 middle schools, 142 high schools and one higher secondary school in the Territory. Of these, 25 institutions were for girls. The enrolment for 1967-68 is as follows:

 
        
             Primary stage                                     86,201
             Middle stage                                      33,979
             Secondary stage                                   21,360
        
                                          

30. Science Education: General science is a compulsory subject from standard V onwards. Special grants for the purchase of laboratory equipment for physics and chemistry sections are being paid by the Government. Steps are being taken to provide science equipment to elementary schools also.

31. Scholarships and Other Concessions: No tution fee is charged in Government schools up to standard VIII. The Department distributes free textbooks to poor and deserving students in standards I and II. So far, no caste or tribe has been classified as scheduled in the Territory, but economically backward class scholarships are granted to students whose parents' income is less than Rs. 2,000 per annum. A mid-day meals programme is operated in rural areas where part of the cost is borne by the local people.

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32. Teacher Training: There are two institutions for the training of primary school teachers and two for secondary school teachers with a capacity of 200 and 105 seats, respectively.

33. Adult Literacy: An intensive programme of adult education was undertaken in 7 villages, and one gram panchayat area was selected for a pilot project for intensive literacy drive.

34. Budget: The expenditure on general education for the year 1967-68 is estimated at Rs. 108.89 lakh for Plan schemes and Rs. 182.36 lakh for non-Plan items. For the next year i.e. 1968-69, the expenditure is expected to be Rs. 150.51 lakh for Plan schemes and Rs. 190.77 lakh for non-Plan items.

F. HIMACHAL PRADESH

35. Educational Facilities: During the year under review, there were 3,638 primary schools, 615 middle schools, 262 high schools and 88 higher secondary schools. The enrolment figures for the year 1967- 68 are given below:

         
             Primary stage                                     3,74,113
             Middle stage                                      1,10,547
             Secondary stage                                     41,916
        
                                          

36. Education of Girls: Incentives are provided for the pro- motion of girls' education. These include: (i) free education for girls up to the middle stage; (ii) freeships in high/higher secondary classes; (iii) attendance scholarships in various classes from primary to secondary stage; (iv) appointment of school mothers to look after girl students; (v) village allowance to women teachers for work in rural areas; (vi) provision for free supply of textbooks to poor and deserving students; and (vii) award of pre-selection scholarships in classes VIII-IX

37. Science Education: Teaching of general science is provided in all primary, middle, high and higher secondary schools. Steps taken to improve the teaching of science in schools included the following: (i) two science consultants for elementary schools and five science consultants for secondary schools have been appointed; (ii) science clubs were started in a number of schools; (iii) seminars/workshops on teaching and evaluation in science were organised at various levels; and (iv) content course of two months' duration for teachers of general science In middle classes were conducted.

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38. Scholarship and Other Concessions: Education is free up to middle standard in all the schools. There is also a scheme for awarding scholarships for both under-matric and post-matric students. Moreover, textbooks are supplied free to deserving students.

There is a programme of providing mid-day meals to children in tribal areas and distributing free milk to children in selected schools. Approximately, 50 per cent of the children covered under the programme are girls.

39. Teachers' Training Programme : There are 8 schools and 19 units for the training of primary school teachers and 3 colleges and 3 units for the training of secondary school teachers. The annual intake capacity of these is 1,5 10 for primary teachers and 540 for secondary teachers.

40. Budget: The expenditure on general education for the year 1967-68 is estimated at Rs. 52.37 lakh for Plan schemes and Rs. 625.62 lakh for non-Plan items. For the next year the expenditure is expected to be Rs. 68.89 lakh for Plan schemes and Rs. 659.37 lakh for non-Plan items."

G. L. M. & A ISLAND

41. Educational Facilities: During the year under report, there were 6 pre-primary schools, 18 primary schools, 10 middle schools, 3 high schools and one higher secondary school in the Territory. The enrolment during 1967-68 was as follows :

         
             Primary stage                                     4,432
             Middle stage                                        847
             Secondary stage                                     299
             
                                          

42. Education of Girls There are 4 senior Basic and 4 junior Basic schools for girls. The incentives given for bringing more girls to schools include the provision of two sets of uniform and one more of black voile for headwear to each girl student besides scholarships for girls studying on the mainland. Mid-day meals, books and writing materials are also provided for girl students in the Island schools.

43. Science Education: General science is a compulsory subject in primary, middle, high and higher secondary schools.

44. Scholarships and Other Concessions : (i) Education is free at all stages; (ii) Students are given scholarships for undergoing higher education on the mainland; (iii) Textbooks and writing materials are supplied free of cost to students studying in Island schools; (iv) Two sets of school uniforms are supplied to all boy students studying in the high school classes; (v) Free

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mid-day meals are given, to all the school children in the junior Basic and senior Basic schools.

45. Teacher Training: There am no training institutions in the Territory. Qualified candidates are sent for training in Kerala State.

46. Adult Literacy: Reading room-cum-libraries have been established in all Islands, and dailies, periodicals and library books are supplied to these libraries. Adult education classes are conducted for both men and women separately to eradicate illiteracy.

47. Budget: The expenditure on general education for the year 1967-68 is estimated at Rs. 13.68 lakh for Plan schemes and, Rs. 3 65 lakh for non-Plan items. For the next year i.e., 1968-69, the Expenditure is expected to be Rs. 5.00 lakh for Plan schemes and Rs. 12.62 lakh for non-Plan items.

H. MANIPUR

48. Educational Facilities: During the year under review, the Territory has 2,177 primary schools, 318 middle schools and 128 secondary schools. The enrolment during 1967-68 was as follows :

         
             Primary stage                                     1,32,856
             Middle stage                                        33,639
             Secondary stage                                     35,471
        
                                          

49. Education of Girls: new are 288 primary, 17 middle and 14 secondary schools for girls. To promote girls' education, attendance scholarships are given to girl students having the highest record of attendance.

50. Science Education: General science is taught as a compulsory subject up to class VIII in high schools and up to class X in higher secondary schools. It is taught as an elective subject from class IX onwards.

51. Scholarships and Other Concessions: Education is free up to class VIII both for boys and girls. Under General Scholarships Schemes, scholarships are awarded to students in middle and secondary classes.

52. Teachers' Training Programme: There are four Basic training institutions for training primary school teachers, one Hindi training institute and one Basic training college for middle school teachers with a capacity of 125 each for Basic training, 40 for Hindi teacher training and 100 in the Basic training college. Besides, there is one institution for the training of graduate teachers for secondary schools with an intake capacity of 65.