26. Physical Geography

27. Physical Geography II

28. P. & T. (Stamps & Seals)

29. Stenotyping

30. Labour Economics

31. Transport-Shipping A-L

32. Transport-Shipping M-Z

33. Transport VI-Shipping III

34. Physics II

35. Meterology II

36. Advanced Economics Theory Thought

37. Physical Geology

38. Physics III

39. Mathematics I (Astronomy)

40. Philosophy I

41. Advanced Accountancy and Auditing

42. Agriculture IV

So far about 2,90,000 terms in different subjects have been evolved of which 40,898 have been finally approved by the Government of India.

26. Dictionary of Technical Terms.

-A Dictionary Unit has been set up in the Hindi Division of the Ministry of Education for preparing a dictionary of scientific and technical terms evolved by the Board of Scientific Terminology. One General Editor, seven Editors and

38

one Assistant Editor have been appointed in addition to other staff in junior posts. The actual work of the preparation of the dictionary has been started.

27. Other Work in Terminology.

-In addition to this major project in the evolution of scientific terminologies, the Ministry of Education is also engaged on three ancillary schemes for the preparation of terminologies or special vocabularies as below.

(a) Preparation of Terminological Indexes of all Standard Hindi Works-Old and New.-This scheme envisages the preparation of termi- nological indexes verborum of fourteen Hindi works in the first instance. The work has been entrusted to various universities in India. Grants totalling Rs. 24,800 has so far been paid to the different universities for the work entrusted to them. The manuscripts of the terminological indexes of the following works have been received from the universities mentioned against them:- 

                                          

 
        
                  Works                                       University
        
                                          

        
             1. 'Kamayani' of Jaishankar Prasad              Delhi University
        
             2.'Saket' of Mathilisaran Gupta                  "         "
             
             3. Kabir Granthawali                     University of Allahabad
             
             4. Bisal Dev Raso                                 "   "   "             
             
             5. Godan of Premchand                       Punjab University

(b) Collection and Indexing of Special Vocabularies on Arts and' Crafts.-A detailed scheme for collecting and indexing special vocabulary on arts and crafts was drawn up early in 1957. It was decided to collect the material in three subjects, viz., Textile, Fishery and Metal Works. in the first instance. The State Governments of Andhra Pradesh, Bombay_ Madras, Punjab, and Uttar Pradesh, in whose jurisdiction the centres of the said arts and crafts are situated, were -requested in September, 1958 to depute competent persons for collecting necessary material with the help of actual field work. Requisite material has been received from the Governments of Punjab, Andhra Pradesh, Madras and Bombay.

(c) Investigation of Terminological Material in Old Literature.- Dr. Satya Prakash, Dr. Gorakh Prasad, Shri R. N. Misra, Dr. Pran Nath Vidyalankar. Shri Duni Chandra and Prof. Syed Ahmed were requested to undertake the work of collection of terminological materials in Chemistry, Mathematics, Transport and Ship-building, Economics (Banking and Trade), Diplomacy and Engineering and Architecture respectively. The required material has been received from all except Prof. Syed Ahmed: It has now been decided to proceed with the scheme in Hindi Division itself by entrusting the work to Research Assistants.

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28. Preparation of Manuals on the basis of Terminologies Evolved.

A standard manual on Chemistry has been published. Manuals on Botany, Physics and Agriculture, Commerce, Medicine and Educational Psychology have also been written and are in the process of finalisation. In addition to these, manuals relating to Civics, Economics, Education General, Engineering, Mathematics and Zoology are under preparation.

D.DEVELOPMENT OF SANSKRIT

29. The programme pertaining to the promotion of Sanskrit in all its aspects will be undertaken in the light of the recommendations made by the Sanskrit Commission. Following the recommendations of the Commission, a Central Sanskrit Board has already been set up to advise the Government on various aspects pertaining to the propagation of Sanskrit and several other recommendations of the Commission are being taken up for implementation including the one for the establishment of a Central Sanskrit Institute in the South.

30. The progress of the various schemes and projects now being implemented by the Ministry of Education during the year under review is given below:-

(i) Payment of Grants in-aid to Voluntary Sanskrit Organisations for Propagation and Development of Sanskrit.

-A sum of Rs. 64,865 has been paid during the year under report to various institutions.

(ii) Scholarships to the Products of Sanskrit Pathsalas.

-17 scholarships are proposed to be awarded to the products of Sanskrit pathsalas, this year.

(iii) Preparation of Sanskrit Dictionary based on Historical Principles.

-A sum of Rs. 1.5 lakhs has been paid to the Sanskrit Dictionary Department. Deccan College, Poona for the preparation of a Sanskrit Dictionary based on historical principles.

E. THIRD FIVE-YEAR PLAN

31. Translation of Standard Works into Hindi.

-One of the major projects which the Ministry proposes to launch during the Third Five Year Plan is that of translation of standard works from foreign languages into Hindi. As already mentioned earlier, the Ministry has drawn up an elaborate scheme for translating about 300 selected standard scientific and technical works which are used either as source books, textbooks or reference books in the various universities at the graduate and postgraduate levels. A sum of Rs. 40 lakhs has been provided for this project under the Third Five-Year Plan. It is proposed to implement this scheme through the universities and other academic bodies of the State Governments. Government have agreed to bear the entire expenditure and the sale proceeds of the. books will be ploughed back for further production of such books.

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32. Production of Popular Works in Cheap Editions in Cooperation with the Publishers.

-Closely allied with the project of translation is that of the production of popular works in cheap editions. These works Will include translations of some of the better-known world classics, standard Hindi works to be printed with suitable editing where necessary in popular editions; and original works in Hindi on the lines of 'Mathematics for the Millions', 'Everyday Science', 'How and Why series', etc. The main object of this project is to give an incentive to the production of a sufficient volume of popular low priced literature in a form which will attract the attention and hold the interest of the general reader, including school-going children. It is proposed to associate some of the lead- ing Hindi publishers with the implementation of this project for which a sum of Rs. 25 lakhs has been provided for during the Third Five-Year Plan.

33. Preparation of Dictionaries, Encyclopaedias Polyglot Readers, etc., and Popularisation of Uniform Terminology by Production of Books for Regional Languages on Scientific and Technical Subjects using the Terminology Evolved by the Standing Commission for Scientific and Technical Terminology.

-The Nagari Pracharini Sabha has been entrusted to bring out Hindi Vishva Kosh in 12 volumes. The scheme is estimated to cost Rs. 11.35 lakhs and is expected to be completed during the Third Five-Year Plan period. The first volume was brought out during 1960. Apart from this, a one-volume standard Hindi Dictionary is also likely to be completed during the next five years. It is also proposed to undertake an elaborate project for the preparation of a standard Hindi Dictionary on the lines of Webster's International Dictionary of English language.

34. A number of new projects for the development and propagation of Hindi have also been taken in hand. These include an investigation into the current vocabulary of arts and crafts in the country, pub- lishing revised editions of important Hindi works now out of print, preparation of terminological indexes of some of the most representative works of Hindi literature, production of omnibus 'volumes of the works of outstanding Hindi writers and all works representing certain periods or aspects of Hindi literature. The major Hindi universities and some of the leading institutes of higher learning have been closely associated with the Government in the implementation of the schemes. The schemes were started in the Second Five-Year Plan but work on them will continue during the Third Five- Year Plan.

35. To popularise the uniform scientific and technical terminology, it is proposed to produce books in regional languages on scientific and technical subjects using the terminology evolved by the Standing Commission for Scientific and Technical Terminology.

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36. Financial Provision.

-The following financial provisions have been made on account of the schemes for the development of Hindi and Sanskrit discussed in this Chapter: 

                                          

        
                                                       Provision     Budget
        
        Sl.      Name of the Scheme                    for 1960-    Provision
        No.                                                 61           for
                                                                      1961-62
                                                          
                                                          (Rupees in lakhs)
        
                                          

        
        1. Preparation of Terminological Indexes of all 
           Standard Hindi Works-old and New                  0.15         0.10           
        2. Organisation of Debating Teams of Schools and 
           Colleges                                         0.10        0.08
        3. Free Gifts of Hindi books                        2.05         2.00
        4. Hindi Teachers' Training College                 4.50         4.00
        5. Appointment of Hindi Teachers                    5.00         6.00
        6. Payment of Grants to Hindi Organisations         5.00        5.00
        7. Preparation of Hindi Encyclopaedia,              2.00        1.50
        8. Preparation of Manuals on the basis of 
           Terminology evolved                              0.30        0.10
        9. Production of Hindi literature
             (i)  Publishing of Revised & Critical editions
                  of Standard Hindi 'Works now out of print
             (ii) Publication of Omnibus Volumes
             (iii) Preparation of Technical Encyclopaedias, 
                   Dictionaries and other Reference Books
             (iv)  Bringing Cheap Editions of Popular Works
                   into Hindi
             (v)   Preparation of Bi-lingual Alphabet 
                   Charts                                    3.50         6.97
             (vi)  Collection of Proverbs of all 
                   Indian Languages
             (vii) Translation of Standard Works from 
                   Foreign Languages into Hindi
         
             (viii) Bringing Hindi Readers to the level  of
                    corresponding English Readers
             (ix)   Prizes on Hindi Books 
        
        10.  Collection of Indexing of Special Vocabularies 
              on Arts and Crafts                               0.10    0.05
        11.  Revision of Pay-Scales of Hindi Teachers                 0.40
        12.  Organisation of Lecture Tours by Prominent Hindi
             Scholars and Writers                               0.10    0.10
        13.  Holding of Seminars of Hindi Teachers              0.20   0.10
        14.  Investigation of Terminological Materials in 
             old Literature
        15.  Revival of Sanskrit                                2.00    5.11
        
                                          

              
                                                
                                           TOTAL                25.00   31.51