CHAPTER III HIGHER EDUCATION
In the field of higher education, in addition to the Constitutional obligations indicated in Chapter 1, the Government of India give grants-in-aid to State Governments and voluntary organisations and operate a few programmes of international cooperation in education. It also conducts significant pilot projects in higher education of which the most important is that of Rural Institutes.
A. CENTRAL UNIVERSITIES
2. Aligarh Muslim University (a) Medical College : The Medical College of the University was inaugurated on 2nd October, 1962.
(b) New Courses : The five-year integrated course for the degree of B.Sc. in engineering was introduced along with the four-year course. Diploma-holders in engineering of the University were admitted for the first time in the second year of the four-year course.
(c) Development Schemes : (i) Development schemes involving expenditure of Rs. 111.21 lakh for the faculties of arts, science, theology, commerce and law were approved by the U.G.C. with permission to incur 70 per cent of the approved expenditure.
(ii) A scheme for the development of the campus at a cost of Rs. 20 lakh including an electrification scheme costing Rs. 4.45 lakh were sanctioned by the U.G.C. The execution of the scheme for the construction of roads in the campus of the University made good progress.
3. Banaras Hindu University (a) New Courses : The following courses were started during the year in the College of Medical Sciences : (1) M.D. (Medicine), (2) M.D. (Physiology), (3) M.D. (Pharmacology), (4) M.S. (Surgery), and (5) M.S. (Anatomy).
(b) Guidance and Counselling facilities: The Banaras Hindu University Employment Bureau arranged to provide career-information as well as guidance and counselling facilities to the students.
(c) Other Activities : For research in Reproduction Physiology, the Department of Zoology received a grant of $102,500 from the Ford Foundation. A hobby workshop has also been established.
(d) Amenities to Teachers : The grades of pay of teachers of technical colleges have now been brought on par with those in arts and science with effect from April 1, 1961.
4.University of Delhi (a) Colleges : The University accepted the proposal of the Government to take over the management of the Deshbandhu College, Kalkaji. Two
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colleges, viz., Dyal Singh College and Jankidevi Mahavidyalaya shifted to their new buildings.
(b) New Departments : Two new departments, namely, of Management and Industrial Administration, and of Buddhist Studies were constituted. The name of the Department of Physics was changed into that of the Department of Physics and Astro-Physics.
(c) New Courses : The new courses instituted are : (i) B.Sc. (Hons.) Anthropology and (ii) B.A. (Hons.) Karnatak Music.
(d) Other Activities : Endowments were received for the institution of Sir Shri Ram Professorship in Physics, Sir Shankarlal Professorship in Chemistry and Sir Shankarlal Professorship in Mathematical Economics. The Zoology Department received a grant from the Ford Foundation for research in Physiology of Reproduction.
5. Visva-Bharati University (a) New Courses : Honours courses in chemistry and modern history were started during the year.
(b) Building Construction and Other Projects : The construction of Mahadevi Birlalaya Girls' Hostel and the Outdoor Dispensary and Clinic to be attached to the contemplated Andrews Memorial Hospital was completed. A number of postgraduate and foreign girl students have already been provided with accommodation in the new hostel.
B.HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS OF ALL-INDIA IMPORTANCE
6. Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi One of the national educational institutions that provides education from the nursery to the graduate level and maintains, in addition, a Teachers' College and a Rural Institute, the Jamia Millia Islamia has, under the University Grants Commission Act, 1956, been "deemed as a university". This recognition has been accorded for a period of three years in the first instance and is limited at present to courses corresponding to B.A. and B.Ed. degrees. The Institution continued to receive grant from the Ministry on a 'cover-the-deficit' basis during 1962-63.
7. Gurukula Kangri, Hardwar Similarly, on the advice of the University Grants Commission, the GurUkula Kangri Vishwavidyalaya, Hardwar, another institution of higher education was "deemed as a university" under the University Grants Commission Act, 1956 for a period of three years in the first instance for courses corresponding to B.A., B.Sc. and M.A. degrees. It continues to receive maintenance grants from the Ministry.
8. Assistance to All-India Institutions of Higher Education Grants under this scheme are paid to non-affiliated institutions of higher education. During the period, the Gujarat Vidyapeeth, Ahmedabad and Kanya Gurukula, Dehra Dun were respectively paid a building grant of Rs. 2,25,000 and a maintenance grant of Rs. 12,500.
The Advisory Committee for this scheme appointed a sub-committee which visited a number of institutions of higher education in order to survey
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the facilities for education provided by the institutions and to assess their comparative growth.
9. Central Institute at Rashtrapati Niwas, Simla It has been decided to set up a Central Institute at Rashtrapati Niwas, Simla. The functions of the Institute will be : (a) to organise refresher recourses, summer schools, etc., on an all-India basis in some selected subjects; (b) to provide facilities for study for short periods for teachers and other scholars on study leave, or sabbatical leave; (c) to provide research facilities in selected fields; and (d) to organise a series of advanced lectures/seminars for postgraduate research studies on all-India basis; and (e) to provide facilities of what may be called a "residential library" (that is, library with board and lodging arrangements) in some selected subjects in the field of the humanities, social sciences and natural sciences.
A panel of five experts has been appointed to work out the financial and organisational details.
C. UNIVERSITY GRANTS COMMISSION
10. Development Projects in Universities During the period, the visiting committees appointed by the Commission visited 39 universities to scrutinise their development requirements. On the basis of their recommendations, the Commission sanctioned, during the year, grants amounting to Rs. 20.28 crore to 32 universities for implementing their development schemes during the current Plan period. It was indicated to the universities that 70 per cent cost on approved schemes would be made available in the first instance.
Briefly, the schemes for which assistance was given are as follows
(a) Construction of the library buildings by the universities of Jabalpur, Kurukshetra, Vikram and Mysore at an estimated cost of Rs. 37.11 lakh, the Commission's share being Rs. 23.34 lakh.
(b) Grants of Rs. 10.87 lakh to 42 universities for books and journals for their libraries.
(c) Grants totalling Rs. 32.65 lakh for the purchase of scientific equipment; the universities were also helped to develop their central workshops and to strengthen their existing departmental workshops.
(d) Grants for setting up women's hostels by Aligarh, Baroda, Bihar, Kalyani, Panjab, Poona, S.N.D.T. and Utkal Universities and of men's hostels by Aligarh, Bihar, Burdwan, Varanasi, Annamalai, Calcutta, Delhi, Kalyani, Madras, Poona and Sanskrit Universities at a cost of Rs. 68.22 lakh of which the Commission's share is Rs. 41.43 lakh.
(e) Construction of more than 100 staff quarters by Baroda, Burdwan, Agra, Osmania, Karnatak, S.N.D.T. and Sri Venkateswara Universities at an estimated cost of Rs. 35.90 lakh, the Commission's share being Rs. 17.95 lakh.
(f) Grants for construction of guest houses at Annamalai, Bihar, Kurukshetra, Madras, Mysore, Osmania and Panjab Universities at an estimated cost of Rs. 14.24 lakh.
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(g) Centres of Advanced Study : Last year the U.G.C. had formulated a scheme for the establishment of centres of advanced study in some selected subjects in order to raise the quality of advanced teaching and research in the universities. The Commission approved the starting of following centres :-
(i) Calcutta University Physics (Radio Wave Propagation, Up
Atmosphere and Radio Astronomy)
(ii) Delhi University Physics (Theoretical Physics and
Astro-Physics)
(iii)Delhi University Chemistry (Chemistry of Natural
Products)
(iv) Delhi University Botany (Morphology and Embryology)
(v) Bombay University (in col- Mathematics (Pure)
laboration with the Tata
Institute of Fundamental
Research)
(vi) Calcutta and Jadavpur Uni- Mathematics (Applied)
versities
(vii)Madras University Botany (Physiology of Fungi and
Plant Pathology)
(viii)Saugar University Geology (Structural and Stratig-
raphical)
(ix) Calcutta University Biochemistry (Enzymology, Micro-
biology and Vitamin Metabolism)
(x) Poona University Economics (Agricultural Economics)
Steps are being taken to organise these centres and preliminary grants. have already been made in some cases. The Commission is also considering plans for additional centres particularly in subjects not covered so for.
(h) Assessment of the requirements of the engineering colleges of Andhra, Banaras, Jadavpur, Patna, Mysore, Utkal and Sri Venkateswara Universities and the release of grants amounting to Rs. 4.30 lakh for three universities.
(i) Development of a high voltage laboratory at the College of Engineering, Burla.
(j) Introduction of a diploma course in engineering at the Annamalai University with an annual intake of 120 students.
(k) Approval for holding 12 summer schools, ten seminars and five conferences and the payment of Rs. 1.99 lakh to 19 universities.
11. Assistance to Affiliated Colleges To improve and develop their physical facilities, postgraduate education in the sciences and the humanities and for students' welfare schemes, the Commission continued to give assistance to affiliated colleges. The following projects were approved with concomitant financial assistance
(a) Development of postgraduate studies in basic sciences in 16 affiliated colleges at Rs. 20 lakh.
(b) Development of postgraduate education in the humanities in six colleges affiliated to five universities.
(c) Grants aggregating Rs. 45.07 lakh for the introduction of the three-year degree course.
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(d) Assistance of Rs. 14.88 lakh for the expansion of libraries and laboratory facilities in 25 colleges.
(e) Construction of nine women's and nine men's hostels at Rs. 40 lakh in 18 colleges.
(f) Grants amounting to Rs. 4.78 lakh for the construction of staff quarters in 15 colleges.
(g) Assistant for students' welfare schemes, viz., (i) establish- ing 10 non-resident students' centres at Rs. 5.60 lakh; (ii) estab- lishing seven bobby workshops at Rs. 2 lakh; and (iii) grant of Rs. 6 lakh for Student Aid Fund, to 411 colleges and 12 universities.
12. Improvement of Salary Scales of Teachers Twenty-four State universities agreed to introduce the Central University scales, thereby extending the benefit of upgraded scales to about 3,500 university teachers. For this purpose the Commission made a grant of Rs. 10.63 lakh during this year. The Commission also agreed to contribute towards the increase in provident fund consequent upon the introduction of the revised grades.
Assistance was given to college teachers according to the pay scales approved during the second Plan. The scheme is also being extended to teachers in government colleges. During the year, 12,000 teachers in more than 350 colleges received benefit under the scheme.
13. Travel Grants Forty-three universities were given assistance to the extent of Rs. 3 lakh under the scheme of travel grants during the period.
14. Services of Retired Teachers Under a scheme to utilize the services of retired teachers, 50 teachers were selected for assistance during the year involving an estimated expenditure of Rs. 2.43 lakh.
15. Scholarships and Fellowships During the year, the Commission awarded scholarships and fellowships as stated below :
Estimated
cost
Rs. in lakhs
Scholarships 250 13.28
Junior Fellowships
(Humanities) 46
Senior Fellowships 5.00
(Humanities) 22
Junior Fellowships
(Science) 73
Senior Fellowships
(Science) 14 11.50
Engineering Fellowships 30
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D. DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS UNDERTAKEN WITH EXTERNAL ASSISTANCE
16. Low-Priced Re-Publication of Standard Educational Works and
Books of Reference Under this scheme 15 books dealing with different sciences, technology and the humanities were published during the period in addition to the four brought out in 1961-62.
17. Indo-U.S. Agreement for Financing Educational Exchange
Programme Under the programme for 1962-63 administered by the United States Educational Foundation in India, the following exchanges were made:-
FROM INDIA TO USA FROM USA TO INDIA
Indian Students 125 American Students 21
Indian Teachers 25 American Professors/Teachers 31
Indian Visiting Participants at the Institute
Lecturers/Research of Indian Civilization, Hyde-
Students 19 rabad 22
Participants at the Institute
169 in Indian History and Culture,
Poona 20
Participants in the Tutors in
English Scheme 20
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E. RURAL HIGHER EDUCATION
18. Grants to Rural Institutes During 1962-63, grants sanctioned for recurring and non-recurring expenditure amounted to Rs. 18,86,179, apart from Rs. 2,84,911 paid for the award of stipends to 20 per cent of the students.
19. General In the annual and the supplementary examinations held in April and November, 1962 respectively a total number of 1,046 students appeared for the various diploma and certificate courses. Out of these, 730 students were declared successful.
F. GENERAL
20. Scheme of Correspondence Courses and Evening Colleges The Expert Committee appointed by the Government of India to work out the details of the scheme of Correspondence Courses and Evening Colleges, submitted its reports during the year.
In pursuance of its recommendations that the correspondence courses in this country should be administered by universities only and in the first instance by one university, viz., the University of Delhi, the latter has started the courses from the academic year 1962- 63. The Government of India agreed to pay grants to the University on a 'cover-the-deficit' basis for running these courses and sanctioned a sum of Rs. 35,000 to it for 1962-63.
21. Vice-Chancellors' Conference A Conference of Vice-Chancellors of Indian Universities was held in New Delhi in October, 1962. The Conference considered inter alia condi-
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