 CHAPTER VII
SCHOLARSHIPS

Over the last few years and particularly since the commencement of the third Five-Year Plan, the scope and coverage of scholarship schemes have expanded on an unprecedented scale. These schemes are designed for two main purposes : to ensure that able students get a full measure of educational facilities unhampered by financial handicaps, and secondly, to equalise educational opportunities by providing special assistance to the students belonging to socially and economically weaker sections of the population. Opportunities for Indian students to go abroad for further study or training or for students from abroad to come to India for the same purpose have been made possible by bilateral agreements with other countries.

I.SCHOLARSHIPS FOR MERITORIOUS STUDENTS INSTITUED BY GOVERNMENT OF INDIA FOR HIGHER STUDIES/RESEARCH IN INDIA

(a) Post-Matric Scholarships Scheme : 625 scholars continued their studies during 1962-63.

(b) National Scholarships Scheme for Post-Matric Education : Instituted in 1961-62, the scheme provides for the award of 2,400 scholarships in each year of the third Plan period. The awards which are subject to a means test, include 1,800 to be given on the results of school-leaving examinations, 400 on the results of PUC/intermediate and 200 on the results of degree examination. 2,366 scholarships for 1962-63 were awarded and the selected candidates are prosecuting their studies; selections for the remaining 34 awards are being finalised.

(c) Merit Scholarships for the Children of Primary and Secondary School Teachers for Post-Matric Studies :Also instituted in 1961-62, this scheme provides for 500 scholarships each year during the third Plan to meritorious wards of primary and secondary school teachers. 472 scholarships for 1962-63 were awarded and the selected candidates are prosecuting their studies; selections for the remaining 28 awards is being finalised shortly.

(d) Post-Graduate Scholarships in Humanities : The scheme provides for the award of 80 scholarships every year to students who possess either a first or a high second class bachelor's or honours degree. Scholarships are tenable for a period of two years. During 1962-63 the scholarships of 73 scholars of 1961-62 were renewed. Selections for 80 fresh scholarships for 1962-63 have been finalised.

(e) Post-Graduate Scholarships in Science : This scheme provides for the award of 150 scholarships every year to students who possess a first class bachelor's degree in science. Normally tenable for one year, the scholarships can be extended for another year subject to the scholar's scholarships can be extended for another year subject to the scholar's satisfactory progress. During 1962-63 scholarships of 81 scholars of 1961-62 were renewed. Selections for 150 fresh awards for 1962-63 have been finalised.

(f) Loan Scholarships Scheme for Higher Studies : As an important step towards providing equality of opportunity in the country, the Loan Scholarships Scheme has been instituted with effect from 1963-64 to enable the needy and meritorious students to complete their education. The Scheme envisages the award of nearly 70,000 loan scholarships during the three remaining years of the third Plan involving an outlay of Rs. 9 crore. The loans will be recoverable in monthly instalments commencing one year after the loanee secures employment. One of the attractive features of the scheme is that the loan would remain interest-free in case the borrower does not default in making regular return payments. Another is that the loanee would not need to provide security or sureties. The scheme extends a special privilege to those loanees who join teaching profession. In their case one-tenth of the loan amount would be written off for every year of service put in.

(g) Scholarships in Residential Schools : This scheme is intended to provide opportunities of public school education to those who would not otherwise be in a position to afford it. Scholarships to the tune of Rs. 1,00,000 were awarded up to 1961-62 and the number of yearly awards ranged between 60 to 70. From 1962-63 the number of awards has been raised to 200 every year. The all-India test for 1962-63 awards was held in December 1962 and the selections are being finalised. In all 454 students are studying under this scheme at present.

In pursuance of the decision taken to add more residential schools to the existing list of public schools (which are members of the Indian Public Schools Conference) three new schools were selected by a committee, bringing the total to 15.

II. SCHOLARSHIPS TO STUDENTS BELONGING TO SCHEDULED CASTES, SCHEDULED TRIBES AND OTHER BACKWARD CLASSES FOR POST-MATRICULATION STUDIES

The scheme provides for the award of scholarships to these three categories of students for post-matriculation studies in the country. It is administered by the State Governments and the Union Administrations on the principles laid down by the Union Government. Funds are placed at the disposal of the State Governments and Union Administrations by the Centre. For 1962-63, funds amounting to Rs. 2,22,63,000 were placed at the disposal of the State Governments/Union Administrations.

III. SCHOLARSHIPS AND OTHER EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES TO THE CHILDREN OF POLITICAL SUFFERERS

The scholarships under the Scheme, provide, inter alia, the following concessions :

(a) special consideration in the matter of admission and award of freeships and half-freeships in all the recognised primary, Basic, middle and high schools;

(b) free seats in hostels attached to recognised schools and colleges; and

The Scheme is administered by the State Governments/Union Administration. The Central Government give grants to the State Gov- ernments on a 50 : 50 basis, while in the case of Union Administra- tions, the entire expenditure is met by the Centre.

IV. SCHOLARSHIPS AND FELLOWSHIPS AVAILABLE TO INDIAN STUDENTS FOR STUDY ABROAD

The facilities available under this group fall into three broad categories: (a) scholarships, fellowships and passage grants instituted by the Government of India; (b) scholarships and fellowships instituted by the U.N. and its allied organisations and under multilateral programmes; and (c) scholarships and fellowships offered by foreign Governments and institutions.

A. GOVERNMENT OF INDIA SCHEMES

(i) Foreign Language Scholarships Scheme: Under this scheme, scholarships are available for specialisation in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Spanish, Rumanian, Swahili, Italian, Japanese, Russian, Turkish,, Persian, Burmese, Indonesian and Pushto. Thirteen scholars (6 of 1959-60 and 7 of 1960-61) continued their studies abroad during the year. Selections for 1962-63 awards are being finalised.

(ii) Overseas Scholarships for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Classes : During 1962-63, thirty-eight scholars of the earlier batches continued their studies abroad. Selections for 14 scholarships for 1962-63 have been made.

(iii) Passage Grants for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Classes : Twelve passage grants (4 for each of the three categories) are available every year for candidates who are in receipt of merit scholarships which do not provide passage costs. During 1962-63, five students (1 'scheduled caste' and 4 'other backward classes') were awarded passage grants; two students of the 'other backward classes' were given return passage grants.

(iv) Union Territories Overseas Scholarships : One scholarship for studies in the humanities is available every year for a person, who by birth or domicile, is a native of any of the Union Territories. During the year, 2 candidates of 1959-60 and 1960-61 continued their studies abroad. The candidates for 1962-63 has been selected.

(v) Agatha Harrison Fellowship : This fellowship (instituted in 1956-57 in the memory of the late Miss Agatha Harrison) envisages the study of Asian problems with special reference to India at St. Anthony's College, Oxford, and is of five years duration. The first selected candidate continued his work during the current year.

B. SCHOLARSHIPS AND FELLOWSHIPS INSTITUTED UNDER THE UNITED NATIONS, UNESCO AND OTHER B1LATERAL AND MULTILATERAL ARRANGEMENTS

U.N. AND UNESCO PROGRAMMES

(i) U.N. Social Welfare Scholarships and Fellowships Programme : Of the remaining four fellows of 1960 (out of the total of five) whose, candidatures were deferred by the U.N. to 1961, two proceeded abroad during the year; the award of one was cancelled and the other will go in 1963-64.

(ii) Unesco Fellowships for Production of Reading Material (1962): The two selected candidates proceeded abroad for studies during the year.

COMMONWEALTH EDUCATION COOPERATION PLAN

(i) Teacher Training Bursaries Offer from the U.K. Government : Out of the 6 candidates who were approved by the U.K. Government for award of the bursaries for 1962-63, four made use of the offer and are studying in the U.K. Names of 14 candidates have been recommended for 1963-64 bursaries.

(ii) Bursaries for Writing, Production and Distribution of Textbooks offered by U.K. Government (1963-64) : The name of one selected candidate was recommended to the U.K. Government for award of the bursary.

(iii) Supply of Indian Teachers for Service in Commonwealth Countries: The names of 17 teachers, who are willing to serve in Commonwealth countries, are being forwarded to the Commonwealth Education Liaison Committee for circulation to the various Commonwealth countries.

(iv) Administrative Awards for Educational Administrators offered by the New Zealand Government (1963-64) : Nominations for 3 awards have been received.

(v) Scholarships for Short-Duration Observation Tours to cover Sole-Charge Schools and Multiple System offered by the New Zealand Government (1962) : Selections for 10 scholarships are being made.

(vi) Visiting Fellowship-Offer from the Government of Australia (1962-63): Selection for one fellowship has been made.

TECHNICAL COOPERATION SCHEME (COLOMBO PLAN)

(i) Correspondence Course in English-Offer from the Australian Government (1962-63): The names of 21 candidates have been recommended to the Ministry of Finance (Department of Economic Affairs) for onward transmission to the Australian Government.

C. SCHOLARSHIPS OFFERED BY FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS/INSTITUTIONS

During 1962-63 offers of scholarships and fellowships were re- ceived from the Governments of Austria, Belgium, France, Iraq, Poland, Rumania and Sweden and the institutions/organisations-British Council, Alaxander Von Hamboldt (W. Germany), German Academic Exchange Service (W. Germany), Institute for the Study of Economic Development (Naples), People's Friendship (Patrice Lumumba) University, Moscow, Philippines Board of Scholarships, St. Catheriene's College, Oxford and Walkers' Travellers Association (U.K.). Offers were also received from 9 foreign Governments/institutions etc. for 1963-64 and were processed.

D. PARTIAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE (LOAN) SCHEME

This scheme provides for the grant of loans towards passage and other incidental expenditure to those academically distinguished students who have obtained admission in foreign universities or have obtained scholarships etc. from foreign universities, organisations, etc. but are still in need of some financial assistance. During 1962- 63, loans amounting to Rs. 10,000

were sanctioned to five private students. Specific sums out of the total provision for this scheme are placed at the disposal of the Indian Missions in the U.K., the U.S.A. and West Germany to assist Indian students in urgent need of funds.

V. SCHOLARSHIPS AND FELLOWSHIPS AVAILABLE To FOREIGN NATIONALS FOR STUDY IN INDIA

(i) General Scholarhsips Scheme: Scholarships are awarded to students of certain Asian, African and foreign countries and to students of Indian origin domiciled in those countries for studies in India to the extent of 140 every year. During 1962-63, one hundred and four students accepted the offer; all have come and are prosecuting their studies in the country. A total of 500 scholars are studying at present under the scheme. Selections for 50 scholarships for 1963-64 have been made; candidates for the remaining 20 awards will be selected shortly.

(ii) Commonwealth Scholarships and Fellowships Scheme: During 1962-63, thirty-five scholars (16 of 1961-62 and 19 of 1962-63) con- tinued their studies. Two scholars, one each of the two batches, returned after completing their studies. Against 50 awards offered to the various Commonwealth countries for 1963-64, candidates for 26 have been selected.

(iii) Teacher Training Bursaries to Commonwealth Countries: Eight nominations received from the Commonwealth countries against 100 bursaries offered for 1963-64 have been approved. No awards were availed of by the Commonwealth countries during 1962-63.

(iv) French Fellowships Scheme: Fellowships are offered to French nationals for postgraduate studies/research in India. The fellows are required to teach French and to do research in their respective field of interest. Two fellows of 1959-61 batch continued their studies during 1962-63.

(V) Fellowships to West German Nationals: Fellowships are awarded to German nationals on a reciprocal basis. Two fellows, who were awarded the fellowships in the humanities for 1962-63 are prosecuting their studies in India. Nominations for the remaining 5 awards will be made by the West German Government in 1963-64.

(vi) Reciprocal Scholarships Scheme : During 1962-63, ten scholars (2 from Norway and East Germany of 1959-61 batch and 8 of 1961-63 batch, namely, 1 each from Denmark, Netherlands and Brazil, 2 from Yugoslavia and 3 from the USSR) continued their studies in India. Two scholars from the USSR of 1961-63 returned after completing their studies in the country. Nine scholars of 1961-63 batch have yet to come. Nominations for 30 scholarships for 1963-65 are being invited from the various foreign Governments.

(vii) Scholarships to Bhutanese Students: 15 scholarships (10 for school study and 5 for degree/diploma courses) are available every year. All the 12 scholars of 1962-63 batch are studying here. Besides, 42 students (33 for school study and 9 for degree/diploma courses) of the earlier batches are continuing their studies. From 1963-64 onwards the scheme will be handled by External Affairs Ministry.

(viii) Scholarships to Sikkimese Students: Eighteen scholarships (10 for school study and 8 for degree/diploma courses) are available every

year. All the 18 scholars of 1962-63 batch are studying here. Besides, 62 students (47 for school study and 15 for degree/diploma courses) of earlier batches are continuing their studies. From 1963- 64 onwards this scheme also will be handled by External Affairs Ministry.

(ix) Scholarships/Fellowships to South, South-East Asian and Other Countries (Colombo Plan): During 1962-63, the Ministry arranged for the admission of 16 Nepali students for studies in the humanities. Of these, 11 students are studying in India and 2 have yet to come. Besides, 25 students of the earlier batches continued studies in 1962- 63. Eight students returned to their countries after completing their tenure of scholarships.

VI. PROGRAMMES FOR EXCHANGE OF SCHOLARS ON BILATERAL BASIS

In furtherance of the policy of developing cultural ties, the Government of India have entered into bilateral agreements for ex- change of scholars with Rumania, the U.A.R., the U.S.S.R., Ceylon and Yugoslavia. Brief details for the programmes now in force are given below.

(a) Exchange of Scholars between India and Rumania: The two Rumanian students who were awarded scholarships for 1960-61 are con- tinuing their studies in India.

The two Indian scholars of 1960-61 are prosecuting their studies in Rumania.

(b) Exchange of Scholars between India and the USSR: Fourteen, Soviet nationals who had come under the programme for 1961-62 returned after completing their tenure of scholarships. 24 Soviet scholars of 1962-63 out of the total of 30, are prosecuting their studies in the country.

Eight Indian scholars of 1961-62 are studying in the U.S.S.R. Names, of 9 candidates were recommended to the U.S.S.R. Government for the award of scholarships for 1962-63.

(c) Exchange of Scholars between India and the U.A.R.: One U.A.R. national of 1962-63 batch has been studying, while steps were taken to get admission for 2 in universities/institutions.

Three Indian scholars of 1962-63 are studying in the U.A.R.; approval of one more was received from the U.A.R. Government.

(d) Exchange of Scholars between India and the U.S.S.R. : Fourteen national is studying in India under the programme for 1962- 63.

(e) Exchange of Scholars between India and Ceylon: The programme will be implemented with effect from 1963-64.

(f) New York Herald World Youth Forum: As in previous years, on an invitation from the New York Herald World Youth Forum, Shri S.K. Gupta, a student of St. Xavier's College, Calcutta, was selected on the basis of an all-India competition as the Indian student-delegate to the 1963 Forum.

(g) Scholarships to Cadets from Union Territories: The Scheme enables a few cadets from Union Territories to study in the Rashtriya Indian Military College, Dehra Dun. Nine scholarships were renewed during the year, besides the proposal for one fresh scholarship.

VII. FINANCIAL PROVISIONS

The financial provisions made on account of the schemes discussed
in the chapter are:

S1. Scholarship Schemes Provision Provision
No. for for

1962-63 1963-64

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Rs. Rs.

1. Post-Matric Merit Scholarships Scheme 8,63,500 7,75,000

2. National Scholarships Scheme for Post-Matric Education 31,60,000 54,00,000

3. Merit Scholarships for Children of Primary and Secon-
dary School Teachers for Post-Matric Studies 5,23,000 9,50,000

4. Post-Graduate Scholarships in Humanities
4,98,000 4,98,000
5. Post-Graduate Scholarships in Science

6. Loan Scholarships Scheme for Higher Studies 1,33,00,000 1,33,00,000

7. Scholarships in Residential Schools 8,20,000 9,73,000

8. Scholarships to Students belonging to Scheduled Castes,
Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Classes for
post-Matriculation Studies 2,22,63,000 2,22,63,000

9. Scholarships and Other Educational Facilities to the Chil-
dren of Political Sufferers 10,00,000 10,00,000

11. Overseas Scholarships for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled
Tribes and Other Backward Classes
2,00,000 2,00,000
12. Passage Grants for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes
and Other Backward Classes

13. Union Territories Overseas Scholarships 27,000 31,000

14. U.N. Social Welfare Scholarships and Fellowships Pro-
gramme 42,500 26,000

15. Scholarships offered by Foreign Governments (The pro-
vision is intended to cover passage costs where not pro-
vided) 15,000 15,000

16. Partial Financial Assistance (Loan) Scheme 25,000 25,000

17. General Scholarships Scheme 18,10,000 17,71,000

18. Commonwealth Scholarships and Fellowships Scheme
5,45,200 3,08,000
19. Teacher Training Bursaries to Commonwealth Countries

20. French Fellowships Scheme 10,000 25,300

21. Fellowships to West German Nationals 45,000 46,000

22. Reciprocal Scholarships Scheme 38,200 54,000

23. Scholarships to Bhutanese and Sikkimese Students 4,10,000 (Provision
to be made
by E.A.
Ministry)

24. Scholarships/Fellowships to South, South-East Asian and
other Countries (Colombo Plan) 1,56,000 1,50,000

25. Programme for Exchange of Scholars between India and
Rumania :
(a) for Rumanian Nationals 7,500 8,700
(b) for Indian Nationals - -

26. Programme for Exchange of Scholars between India and
U. S. S. R.
(a) For Russian Nationals 47,300 54,000
(b) For Indian Nationals 14,800 _

27. Programmes for Exchange of Scholars between India and
other countries (including U.A.R., Yugoslavia, etc.)
(a) For Foreign Nationals - 40,000
(b) For Indian Nationals - -

28. Scholarships to Cadets from Union Territories 9,500 8,500
_________ _________
4,60,63,200 4,81,28,200

CHAPTER VII SCHOLARSHIPS