EDUCATION IN THE UNION TERRITORIES
The Ministry of Education is handling at the Union Government level education in the Union Territories of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Delhi, Goa, Daman and Diu, Himachal Pradesh, Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindive Islands, Manipur, Pondicherry and Tripura. The Territories of Goa, Daman and Diu, Himachal Pradesh, Manipur, Pondicherry and Tripura have their own legislatures, and powers, to the extent specified in the Government of Union Territories Act, 1963, are enjoyed by the respective Governments.
2. To give impetus to education, particularly in the backward territories, there is a liberal provision for grant of scholarships.
3. Brief report on the progress of education during 1965-66 in the 9 Union Territories is given in the following paragraphs.
A. ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS A-1. Expansion and Improvement.-During the year under review there were 114 primary/junior Basic schools (including 3 newly started this year) 7 middle schools and 3 higher secondary schools in the Islands. There has been a steady increase in enrolment as indicated below :
Enrolment Enrolment
1964-65 1965-66
Primary Stage 8,743 9,151
Middle Stage 1,092 1,795
Secondary Stage 1,100 1,450
A-2. Education of Girls.-There is one higher secondary school exclusively for girls. In order to promote girls' education, several concessions are being given to the students. There is a provision for stipends for girls. Education is free and textbooks are supplied free of charge to needy girls, Concessional rates in the bus attached to the girls higher secondary schools are being given. Besides, snacks/midday meals are being provided on all working days.
A-3. Development of Science Teaching.-General science is a com- pulsory subject in primary and middle classes. Science as an elective subject has been provided in the higher secondary classes. Steps are being taken to augment the equipment provided for the science laboratories. To improve science teaching in the two higher secondary schools at Port Blair science talent search contest has been organized and science fairs have been arranged.
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A-4. Scholarships.-Scholarships are being given for post-matric studies on the main land.
A-5. Teachers Training Programme.-There is only one primary school teachers training institution in the Islands, with an intake capacity of 24 trainees. For training at the degree level, teachers are sent to the mainland.
A-6. N.C.C./A.C.C.-The following table shows the comparative position of the N.C.C. Units as in 1964-65 and 1965-66.
1964-65 1965-66
Officers Cadets Boys Girls Officers Cadets Boys Girls
Units Units Units Units
Jr. Div. NCC. Army
Wing for Boys 2 100 2
Jr. Div. NCC. Army
Wing for Girls 1 50 1 1 1 50 1
Jr. Div. NCC. Naval
Wing for Boys 1 95 2 3* 195* 4*
A-7. Achievements during the Third Five Year Plan.-The main achievements during the Third Plan relate to the expansion of educational facilities at the primary stage. 38 new primary schools were established and 42 primary school buildings were constructed. It has been possible to increase the enrolment at the primary stage to 93.47% for boys and 88.57% for girls.
A-8. Prospects for the Fourth Five Year Plan.-In the fourth Plan stress will be laid on expansion, development and improvement of school education.
A-9. Budget.-The expenditure on education for the year, 1965-66 is estimated at Rs. 10,03,000 for Plan schemes and Rs. 11,43,700 for non-Plan items. For the next year the expenditure is expected to be Rs. 12,50,000 for Plan schemes and Rs. 16,84,300 for non-Plan items.
B. DADRA AND NAGAR HAVELI B-1. Expansion and Improvement.-During the year under report, a number of new schools were opened/upgraded at all stages and there were 61 primary/junior Basic schools, 17 senior Basic schools and 2 high schools. According to the present enrolment the number of school-going children is as follows :
Enrolment Enrolment
1964-65 1965-66
Primary Stage 3,237 2,823
Middle Stage 2,287 2,645
Secondary Stage 302 348
*All the wings are now are now converted into Naval Wings as per the latest decision of the N.C.C. Directorate except the Girls Army Wing (Jr. Division).
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B-2. Girls Education.-There are no educational institutions exclusively for girls. All the primary and secondary schools provide co-education.
B-3. General Science.-General science is a compulsory subject up to standard VII. In high school it is compulsory up to standard X while in standard XI Science is an elective subject. The science laboratories are adequately equipped.
B-4. Scholarships and Other Concessions.-Education is free at all stages in this Territory. Besides, other concessions are also given to the school-going children, viz., (a) adivasi and poor non- adivasi pupils are supplied free textbooks, note books, slates and pens and one pair of clothings; (b) midday meal is being supplied to the children; and (c) the Administration is running one hostel for adivasi pupils from the interior parts of the territory.
B-5. Teachers Training Scheme.-There, is no training institution in the Territory. The teachers are being sent for training to the neighbouring states.
B-6. N.C.C.-There is 1 N.C.C. Jr. Division.
B-7. Adult Literacy.-Adult literacy classes are held in cooperation with the Block Development Office, Silvassa. Towards the close of 1964-65, 96.6 per cent of the adult population was illiterate. During 1965-66, 3.00 per cent of adults have been made literate and the present percentage of literate adults is 3.7.
B-8. Achievements during the Third Plan.-Education is free in the Territory. In the beginning of the third Plan there were only 53 primary schools and 2 high schools. Now the number of schools has increased to 61 primary/junior Basic schools; 17 senior Basic schools and 2 high schools.
B-9. Prospects of Fourth Plan.-It is proposed to start one high school for girls in the Territory.
B-10. Budget.-The expenditure on education for the year 1965-66, is estimated at Rs. 5,31,800 for Plan items and Rs. 27,000 for non- Plan Items. For the next year the expenditure is expected to be Rs. 5,31,800 for Plan items and Rs. 37,600 for non-Plan items.
C. DELHI C-1. Expansion and Improvement.-To meet the growing demand for educational facilities there has been further expansion in the number of schools, either by upgrading the existing primary and middle schools or by opening new schools, During the year under review, 891 primary schools, 421 middle schools and 393 higher secondary schools and 10 higher
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secondary multipurpose schools have been working. There has been a marked increase in the number of students enrolled as indicated below :
Enrolment Enrolment
1964-65 1965-66
Primary Stage 2,34,302 2,40,000
Middle Stage 1,71,244 1,97,000
Higher Secondary Stage 2,81,393 2,92,916
C-2. Education for Girls.-There are 372 primary, 185 middle, 152 higher secondary and 4 higher secondary multipurpose schools exclusively for girls. In order to encourage education among girls the concessions have been provided by way of (a) free transport to girl students from surrounding rural areas to a centrally situated school, and (b) scholarships, granted to women trainees willing to serve in rural areas for studying at training institutions. Besides, the concessions given by the Delhi Municipal Corporation and the New Delhi Municipal Committee have been continued.
C-3. Science Teaching.-The following steps have been taken to improve science education : (i) General science has been made a compulsory subject in primary and middle classes; (ii) Science as an elective subject has been introduced in 230 higher secondary schools; (iii) The setting up of science workshops, holding of science talent search contests and conduct of seminars on science subjects have been undertaken.
C-3.1. In addition to the above, under the scheme of Science Centre-cum-Central Workshop, the following activities are being carried out : (1) Seminars for physics, chemistry, biology and mathematics teachers to give the knowledge in respective fields; (2) Junior science talent search examination has been conducted and 800 students participated; (3) To encourage the science club activities,. the zonal and central science fairs are being organised; (4) To nurture and develop the talented students in science, a programme of practical work has been arranged at the science centre on Sundays; and (5) The visits to the places of scientific interest have also been arranged. A provision of Rs. 4.214 lakh has been made in the budget for 1966-67 for the establishment of second science Centre and the expansion of existing one.
C-3.2. There is a provision of teaching science subjects in 230 schools out of 392 higher secondary schools. The provision of the following schemes has been made in the fourth Five Year Plan :
Total Esti- Plan Out-
mated Cost lay for
Name of the Scheme for the 4th 1966-67
Plan
Rs. in Lakh Rs. in Lakh
1. Introduction of Science in Higher Secondary Schools 31,825 4,15
2. Improvement of Facilities for Teaching of Science in Existing
Schools 20,950 4,190
3. Provision of General Science in Middle Schools 5,814 4,842
58,589 13,182
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C-3.3. During the fourth Five Year Plan, it is proposed to revise the curriculum in science and to provide new books according to this syllabus to school children with the help of the Department of Science Education, NCERT by 1968-69.
C-4. Scholarships.-The important scholarships given by the Delhi Administration are : (1) Scholarships to the children of political sufferers; (2) Stipends to the children of scheduled caste/scheduled tribe and economically backward classes; (3) Scholarships to the children of primary and secondary school teachers; (4) National scholarships; (5) National loan scholarships; (6) Scholarships for Sanskrit studies; (7) Merit scholarships; (8) Scholarships in teaching and professional colleges; and (9) Open scholarships.
C-4.1. In addition, the students belonging to scheduled castes, children and dependents of political sufferers, teachers, goldsmiths and defence services personnel have been granted exemption from payment of tuition fees up to higher secondary stage. The scheduled caste students who prosecute post-matric studies in Delhi colleges and whose parents'/guardians' income is less than Rs. 300 p.m. are also granted exemption from payment of fees. The concessions given by the Delhi Municipal Corporation and the New Delhi Municipal Committee have been continued.
C-5. Teachers Training.-There are six teachers training institutes-3 each for primary school teachers and secondary school teachers-with a total intake capacity of 499 and 270 respectively. During the year 1965-66 the intake capacity of the training institutes was increased by 42 in primary school teachers training institutes and 37 in secondary school teachers training institutes.
C-6. N.C.C./A.C.C.-The following table shows the comparative position of the N.C.C. Units as in 1964-65 and 1965-66 :
1964-65 1965-66
Officers Cadets Boys Girls Officers Cadets Boys Girls
Units Units Units Units
Sr. Div. N.C.C. 94 20,000 28 4 96 26,650 28 4
Jr. Div. N.C.C. 184 10,550 136 28 146 16,400 136 27
A.C.C. 1,450 7,700 1,450 1,450 87,000 1,450
C-7. Adult Literacy Programme.-The schemes introduced for adult education in the Territory include : (1) Starting of a Janta College for Women; (2) Provision for further education of adults; and (3) Eradication of illiteracy in the rural areas. Towards the beginning of 1964-65, 36% of the rural adult population was illiterate. During 1964-65 and 1965-66, 25,398 adults have been made literate and the present percentage of rural literate adults has risen to 77%.
C-8. Achievements Made during the Third Five Year Plan.-By the end of third Five Year Plan the children in the age-group 6-11 are expected
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to be enrolled on a hundred per cent basis, children in the age-group 11-14 up to 81.7% and children in the age-group 14-17 up to 45.1%.
C-9. Prospects of the Fourth Five Year Plan.-In the fourth Five Year Plan improvement in the quality in the field of education has been stressed. With this end in view it is proposed to start a State Training Institute. The percentage of enrolment in the age-groups 11- 14 and 14-17 is proposed to be increased to 87% and 55% respectively.
C-10. Budget.-The educational expenses of the Delhi Administration for the current year are expected to amount to Rs. 4,54,35,600 for non-Plan items and Rs. 2,55,85,260 for Plan schemes. For 1966-67 the provision proposed is Rs. 7,74,98,600 for non-Plan items and Rs. 64,44,200 for Plan items.
D. GOA, DAMAN AND DIU D-1. Expansion and Improvement.-During the year under review there were 811 primary schools, 139 middle schools, 128 high school and 1 higher secondary school. According to the present enrolment the number of school-going children is as follows :
Enrolment Enrolment
1964-65 1965-66
Primary Stage 91,709 95,138
Middle Stage 14,613 18,368
Secondary Stage 7,771 9,415
D-2. Girls Education.-There are 7 primary schools, 23 middle schools and 22 high schools exclusively for girls.
D-3. Science Teaching.-General science is a compulsory subject in. primary/middle and high classes. 65 high schools have adequate science, laboratory equipment. Steps are being taken to augment the laboratory equipment in the remaining high schools. Science talent search contest and establishment of science clubs have also been taken up as special measures to improve science teaching.
D-4. Scholarships.-Scholarships are given to students in the primary and secondary classes. Scholarships are also given to students studying in local colleges and in engineering colleges outside the Territory.
D-4.1. A few foreign scholarships granted by the former regime are also continuing. Besides, the other concessions allowed include : (1) free education to the children of defence services personnel, and (2) exemption from payment of fees to scheduled caste students, children of displaced goldsmiths, children of political sufferers and children of primary and secondary school teachers.
D-5. Teachers Training.-There are 2 institutions for training of primary school teachers with a capacity of 130 seats per annum. There are also 2 institutions for training of graduate teachers.
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D-6. N.C.C./A.C.C.-There are at present 6 Sr. Divisions of the N.C.C. and 12 Jr. Divisions for Boys and 1 Senior Division for Girls.
D-7. Adult Literacy.-Under the scheme of eradication of illiteracy introduced for adult education in the territory 4,278 adults have been made literate in 1964-65.
D-8. Achievements During the Third Plan.-Free and compulsory education with mother tongue as the medium of instruction has been introduced at the primary level. As against 176 government schools before liberation, there are now 716 government schools. The number of secondary schools has increased from 78 to 191. There were no colleges in the Territory before liberation except one medical school. After liberation now there are 4 non-government arts and science colleges in the Territory.
D-9. Prospects for the Fourth Plan.-In the fourth Five Year Plan measures to improve girls education and to expand teachers training facilities are proposed to be included.
D-10. Budget.-The educational expenses of the Goa Administration for the current year are expected to amount to Rs. 9,18,500 for non- Plan items and Rs. 1,15,65,700 for Plan schemes. For 1966-67 the provision proposed is Rs. 99,901,100 for non-Plan items and Rs. 49,50,000 for Plan items.
E. HIMACHAL PRADESH E-1. Expansion and Improvement.-To meet the growing demand for educational facilities there has been further expansion in the number of schools, either by upgrading the existing primary, middle and high/higher secondary schools or by opening new schools. During the year under review, 3,192 primary schools, 325 middle schools, 76 high schools and 52 higher secondary schools have been working. There has been a marked increase in the number of students enrolled as indicated below :