ARCHIVES AND RECORDS

                                                               Manuscripts constitute an important, part of the rich Indian  Cultural
                                                           Heritage.  These are the major repositories of the contribution that our pre-
                                                           decessors made in the diverse fields of religion, philosophy, astronomy, litera-
                                                           ture, history, medicine and science.  They constitute the primary source of
                                                           reconstruction of India's past.
        
                                                               The Department has introduced a   scheme of financial assistance to
                                                           voluntary    organisations, educational institutions, libraries,   museums and
                                                           universities for preservation, listing, cataloguing, evaluation, publication etc.
                                                           of manuscripts.  The Department of Culture has also taken over under Act
                                                           of Parliament, the Rampur Raza Library, Rampur, and Khuda Baksh
                                                           Oriental Public Library, Patna, which contain a rich collection of manuscripts
                                                           in Arabic, Persian and Urdu.  In addition, proper care of manuscripts is
                                                           also being taken in museums, libraries and other such institutions which are
                                                           tinder the control of Central and State Governments.
        
                      National Archives of India, New        The National Archives of India is the largest well organised repository
                       Delhi                              of Government records in Asia. It receives all Union Government records
                                                           and additionally acquires private papers of research value through gift, ex-
                                                           change or purchase even from abroad.  It tenders advice and assistance to
                                                           various State Archives for proper administration and conservation of their
                                                           holdings, provides research facilities to scholars and imparts professional
                                                           training in Archives Keeping through its School of Archival Studies.  The
                                                           significant activities are  :
        
                                                                   Accessions : Important acquisitions included (i) papers relating to
                                                                   martyr Sukhdev; (ii) Private papers of the late Sardar Gian Singh
                                                                   Rarewala, former Chief Minister, PEPSU, and a Minister of Punjab
                                                                   (iii) E. Maclegan (Civil Secretariat), J.J. Cotton correspondence on
                                                                   Europeans in Maharaja Ranjit Singh's army; (iv) C. Rajagopala-
                                                                   chari papers (15 microfilm rolls); (v) documents relating to Netaji
                                                                   Subhas Chandra  Bose and (vi) Indian colonies in Astrakhan (2
                                                                   microfilm rolls and zerox copies).
        
                                                                   Records and Archives Management :  (a) 66,302 files of different,
                                                                   Ministries/Departments were appraised. (b) Retention Schedules for
                                                                   records of 15 Ministries/Departments etc. were vetted. (c) Conducted
                                                                   Records Management Study of 4 departments and reports were
                                                                   prepared. (d) The note for Cabinet on 'Public Records Act' was
                                                                   approved by Minister of State for Education & Culture.
        
                                                                   Archival Training : (a) Eighteen trainees secured one year Diploma
                                                                   in Archival Studies (1982-83 session) and 7 Indian and 4 foreign
                                                                   students joined the course in  1983-84  session.  (b) Short term
                                                                   courses in Archives Administration, Records Management, Repro-
                                                                   graphy, care and Conservation, Servicing and Repair of Records
                                                                   were conducted. (c) Dr. Ye Tut, Director General of Burmese
                                                                   National Archives, made a week's observation study.
        
                                                                   Reference Media : Public and private records relating to Ministry
                                                                   of Finance, erstwhile Central India Agency, Dadabhai Naoroji, Sir
                                                                   Sita Ram, Mutiny papers and Inayatjang Collection were listed.
                                                                   Research and Reference : The Research Room of the Department
                                                                   continued to provide research facilities to scholars.  Various queries
                                                                   from records by different public and private institutions and indivi-
                                                                   duals were attended to.
        
                                                                   Publications : The Indian Archives (Volume XXXI Nos. 1 and 2),
                                                                   Annual Report of the National Archives of India, 1982 and Proceed-
                                                                   ings of the Indian Historical Records Commission (volume XLVII)
                                                                   were published.  National Register of Private Records (Vol.  XIII)
                                                                   and Bulletin of Research.  Thesis and Dissentation (Volume XII) are
                                                                   ready for publication.
        
                                                                                  

114

        
                                                                  Towards Freedon : Project made steady progress in selection of
                                                                  materials from public, and private records and microfilms (1937-39)
                                                                  in  the custody of the National and State Archives and  5,228
                                                                  of selected extracts were sent to the Indian Council for Historical
                                                                  Research for editing.
        
                                                                  Indian Historical Records Commission : Forty ninth Session was
                                                                  scheduled to be held in January, 1984.
        
                                                                  Technical Services and Advice : Besides providing information and
                                                                  guidance 'to 21 different government and private institutions, a total
                                                                  of 61,248 sheets were repaired and rehabilitated and 2,89,884 ex-
                                                                  posures of microfilms, and 47,481 zerox copies were prepared.
                                                                  Archives Week was celebrated from 1-7 November, 1983.  An exhi-
                                                                  bition 'India and the Commonwealth', 'Open House' (A visit of
                                                                  Archives) and a workshop on "Records Management" were the signi-
                                                                  ficant features.
        
                                                                  Regional Branch : Department's Offices at Bhopal, Jaipur and Pondi-
                                                                  cherry continued their normal activities.  They also celebrated the
                                                                  'Archives Week' from 1 to 7 November 1983.
        
                    Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Public              One of the richest collections of Arabic and Persian manuscripts and
                    Library, Patna                       Mughal Paintings, Khuda Bakhsh Library is making  continuous progress
                                                          towards reference and research.  Use of the Library material has increased
                                                          manifold and continues to ascend.  Scholars from India and abroad are being
                                                          provided with research material through reference service in reply to the
                                                          academic queries and by providing transcribed copies, microfilms or photo-
                                                          copies of the manuscripts they require.  Several major collections of manu-
                                                          scripts, and printed books have been acquired on loan, in consideration in
                                                          gift, by reclamation, and/or on payment, besides, rare manuscripts of several
                                                          major Indian collections, like those of Aligarh, Rampur, Bhagalpur, Maner
                                                          and Phulwari-sharif.  For security reasons and longer life of the Library's
                                                          rare materials, such manuscripts are also being microfilmed. Books and
                                                          manuscripts requiring immediate repair and binding are being attended to,
                                                          under the supervision of a Preservation Unit.  The Library is producing a
                                                          Quarterly research journal. Twenty-four     issues of the Journal containing
                                                          about 4500 pages have so far been published.  Descriptive catalogues of the
                                                          Library's manuscripts,34 in number, have so far been printed.  Reprinting
                                                          of old volumes of catalogue is being done.  The project of publication, of
                                                          critical editions of rare manuscripts was started in 1977 and some critical
                                                          editions of rare and unique manuscripts have been published.  The Library
                                                          is also bringing to light rare prints and periodicals of historical importance.
                                                          Ten Khuda Bakhsh Fellowships (3 Senior and 7 Junior) have been created
                                                          for research work on the manuscripts preserved in the Library.  One National
                                                          Fellowship and two Visiting Fellowships of ICHR/UGC have also been
                                                          created on the pattern for the same purpose.
        
                                                              Besides the traditional activities, the Library also arranges Khuda Bakhsh
                                                          Annual and Extension Lecture from time to time which are delivered by
                                                          an outstanding scholar of History, Urdu, Persian, Arabic in Islamic Studies.
                                                          The Library is also holding Seminars at different intervals to accelerate the
                                                          speed of research and inculcate reading habits.  A series of Reminiscent
                                                          talks have been started in memory of Dr. Zakir Hussain who extended his
                                                          full, unqualified patronage to the: Library during his tenure of Governorship
                                                          and later as Vice-President and President of India.
        
                                                              The Extension building of the Library has been completed.  The Presi-
                                                          dent of India, Giani Zail Singh, inaugurated the new building on 14th
                                                          February, 1983.
        
                     T.M.S.S.M. Library Thanjavur             The Tanjore Maharaja Serfoji's Saraswati Mahal Library was described
                                                          by Dr. Burnell "to be perhaps the best and most important in the world".  It 
                                                          has its roots in the time of the Imperial Cholas and was subsequently revived
                                                          by the Thanjavur Naiks  of the Vijayanagar Empire, and was greatly develop-
                                                          ed in the early part of nineteenth century by Maharaja Serfoji.  The Govern-
                                                          ment of Madras took possession of the Library on October 5, 1918 under the
                                                          Charitable Endowments Act and formed a committee for its management.
                                                          The library has a rich collection of about 40,000 manuscripts in Sanskrit,
                                                          Marathi, Tamil, Telugu and other languages, besides a collection of over
        
                                                                                  

115

        
                                                           23,000 books in the Indian and European languages covering various disci-
                                                           plines.  The Central Government is at present giving Plan grants in pursuance
                                                           of the recommendations of a committee set up in 1977.
        
                      Rampur Raza Library, Rampur              The Rampur Raza Library is world known library in respect of oriental
                                                           manuscripts and painting collections.  It is also one of the oldest libraries in,
                                                           the country as it was established. during the years 1774-1794.  The library
                                                           is famous   throughout   the world and attracts scholars working in the field of
                                                           oriental and  Islamic   research and Iranian and Indian Mughal paintings.
        
                                                                Through an   Act  of Parliament the library was declared     as an institution
                                                           of national importance in 1975 and is fully funded by the Central Govern-
                                                           ment.  A fixed annual grant of Rs. 48,000 is, however, given by the State
                                                           Government of Uttar Pradesh.
        
                                                                With a view to introducing certain new schemes and adding to facilities for
                                                           visiting scholars the Central Government approved a special grant of
                                                           Rs. 15.00 lakhs for furnishing, repair and renovation etc. of Hameed Manzil
                                                           and Rang Mahal the buildings of rare architectural value in themselves.
        
                                                                During 1983-84 the library published one more rare manuscript of Arabic
                                                           which is now available for sale.  Another important Urdu manuscript of
                                                           Khaiyyam's Rubayats, has been sent to the press.  The number of visitors to
                                                           the library has exceeded 10,000 per annum which includes atleast 50 scholars
                                                           from a number of countries.
        
                      Preservation of Manuscripts              Under this scheme Financial Assistance is given to voluntary organisations,
                                                           universities including  deemed universities/libraries, museums, etc. for cata-
                                                           loguing, editing,  preservation, publication, etc. of rare manuscripts.     The
                                                           main     objective of this scheme is to preserve the rich cultural heritage of
                                                           India which is available in the form of manuscripts and is in danger of dete-
                                                           rioration because of lack of measures for proper preservation, study and
                                                           research, etc.  The scheme has been put in operation from 1979-80 on a
                                                           modest scale.
        
                     Fellowships covering different
                     disciplines and' Fields including          The objective of the scheme is to evolve a process by which knowledge of
                     Epigraphy, Paleography, Extinct       scripts and ancient languages is made available to the students who might
                     Languages, Ancient Scripts and        be attracted to these fields, with a fellowships for two years which may lead
                     Numismatics                          to M. Phil or Ph. D. degree of a recognised University or for further research,
                                                           under the guidance of eminent scholars/Pandits.  The number of awards,
                                                           with    a fellowships of Rs. 600 per month is ten each year and there is no sub-
                                                           jectwise distribution of fellowships.  Twelve fellowships were awarded during
                                                           1982-83 and 10 more are expected to be awarded during 1983-84.
        
                    Asiatic Society of India, Calcutta         The Asiatic Society, Calcutta was founded in 1784 with the object of en-
                                                           quiring into the history, the antiquities, arts, sciences and literature of Asia.
                                                           The Institute has proved to be the fountain head of all literary and scientific
                                                           activities in India and the parent of all other Asiatic Societies.  Its declared
                                                           objects are to conduct research into matters which are largely cultural and
                                                           sociological with    special bearing on Indology. The Society is being assisted
                                                           by the State Government of West Bengal and the Centre on 50 : 50 basis.
                                                           The Society has celebrated its bicentenary during the year.  A proposal to 
                                                           declare it as an institute of national importance is under the consideration of
                                                           the  Government.
        
                                                                                  

116