TECHNICAL AND PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
IMPLEMENTATIONS OF THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE SCIENTIFIC
MANPOWER COMMITTEE The following Schemes that were initiated in 1949-50, pursuant: to the recommendations of the Scientific Manpower Committee,. have continued to make good progress:-
(a) Award of Practical Training Stipends
Badget Provision Estimates
1956-57 1957-58
6.50 lakhs 8.00 lakhs
5.00 lakhs for Hostels 5.00 lakhs for Hostels
The scheme has been continued during the Second Five Year-Plan. During 1956-57, 433 graduates and 180 diploma holders were, awarded stipends. It is proposed to hit a target of about 1200 to. 1500 trainees per year during the Second Five Year Plan. In order to obviate the difficulties experienced by trainees at centres where training facilities have been secured, the Government have decided to provide hostel accommodation for about 800 to 1000 trainees during the Second Five Year Plan period. A provision of Rs. 5 lakhs has been made for the year 1956-57 for this purpose. A loan of Rs. 94,000 has been sanctioned to Pachaiyappa's Trust Board, Madras, for the construction of hostels for 30 trainees. During the year 1956-57, a sum of Rs. 45,000 towards the first instalment of loan was advanced to the Board. A sum of Rs. 8 lakhs has been included in the budget estimates for 1957-58 for the scheme and also a provision of Rs. 5 lakhs for construction of hostels for trainees.
(Demand No. 20 & 115).
(b) Award of Research Training Scholarships and National Re-
search Fellowships
Budget Provision Budget Estimates
for 1956-57 1957- 58
15.00 lakhs 13.00 lakhs
The scheme has been continued in the Second Five-Year Plan. A provision of Rs. 15.00 lakhs has been made for the scheme for the year 1956-57. During the year under report about 155 additional research training scholarships have been instituted and allocated to various universities/institutions, thus bringing the total
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number of such scholarships in force to 680. It is proposed to reach a target of 800 Research Training Scholarships during the Second Five- Year Plan.
Early in the year 16 more National Research Fellowships were awarded, thus bringing the total number of fellowships awarded so far to 24. It is proposed to reach a target of 80 National Research Fellowships during the Second Five Year Plan. In order to reach this target, 32 more candidates have been selected recently for the award.
A sum of Rs. 13 lakhs has been included in the budget estimates for 1957-58 for this scheme.
(Demand No. 20).
Grants for Fundamental Research:
Budget Provision Budget Estimates
1956-57 1957-58
3.00 lakhs. 4.00 lakhs.
The scheme has been continued during the year under report. .Grants totalling Rs. 3,41,770 have been paid to 64 research workers during the current year. For 1957-58 a sum of Rs. 4 lakhs has been included in the budget estimates for the continuation of the scheme.
(Demand No. 20).
Association of Principals of Technical Institutions (India):- The Association continued to do useful work for the advancement of Technical education in the country. A provision of Rs. 15,000 has been made for the grant-in-aid to the Association for 1957-58.
(Demand No. 21).
Institute of Town Planners (India): A provision of Rs. 2,500 has been made for the first time in the budget estimates for 1957-58 for payment of grant to the Institute of Town Planners (India) for publication of its quarterly journal. The Institute is a professional body of Town Planners and is assisting the Government in the provision of facilities for training in Town and Country Planning.
(Demand No. 21).
Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore:
Budget Provision for 1957-58 Rs, 21.25 lakhs (normal)
Rs. 5.00 lakhs
(developmental)
Various schemes for the all-round development of Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore including the establishment of Departments of Power Engineering and High Voltage Engineering were
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approved by the Government of India during the years 1946 and 1950 at an estimated cost of Rs. 177 lakhs. The Central Government has paid grants amounting to Rs. 176.78 lakhs for the implementation of the schemes. The schemes have now come to a successful completion. The Government of India paid to the Institute during 1955-56, a further grant of Rs. 0.92 lakhs for the renovation of the Water Supply System at the Institute.
Facilities have been developed in teaching and research at the institute in the following fields:-
(i) Establishment of fuel and lubricants Testing Laboratory at an estimated cost of Rs. 1,13,250. (Grants paid Rs. 82,000).
(ii) Introduction of courses in Industrial Engineering and Administration.
Non-Recurring Recurring
Rs. Rs.
Estimated cost 2,20,000 54,000
Grants paid 1,74,000 20,500
(iii) Post-graduate courses in Automobile Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Foundry Engineering, Radio and Electrical Communication Engineering, Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering.
Grants paid Non-Recurring Recurring
Rs. Rs.
7,30,000 1,87,500
(iv) Establishment of Instrument Section.
Non-Recurring Recurring
Rs. Rs.
Estimated Cost 3,11,000 52,000
Under the chairmanship of Dr. J. C. Ghosh, the Reviewing Committee, set up in December, 1955, has submitted its report. A provision of Rs. 50 lakhs has been included in the Second Five-Year Plan for the implementation of the recommendations of this Committee. Out of this provision, a sum of Rs. 5 lakhs has been included in the budget for 1957-58.
School of Town and Country Planning:- A School of Town and Country Planning has been set up at Delhi by the Central Government as a joint enterprise with the Institute of Town Planners (India) to provide facilities for postgraduate training in town and country planning. It is to be wholly
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financed by the Central Government but the Institute of Town Planners (India) are to give assistance in the form of providing the services of. lecturers in planning. The School has been registered as a Society under the Societies Registration Act, 1860.
The first course in Country Planning has been in progress since, August 1956 at the premises of the Delhi Polytechnic, Delhi. The number of students admitted to this Course is nine (two for Intensive Course and seven for Diploma Course). Eight students have been sponsored from the States. The intention is that, for the first few years, preference be given to State-sponsored scholars.
The Second Course in Town and Country Planning will commence on 14th August, 1957 in the existing accommodation available at the Delhi Polytechnic, Delhi. The number of students proposed to be admitted to this course is eight (two for the Intensive Course and six for the Diploma Course).
Efforts are in progress with the Ministry of Works, Housing and Supply to secure formal allotment of two acres of land in the In- draprastha Estate in the capital for the buildings etc. of the School of Town and Country Planning and its hostels.
The financial estimates of the School as approved by its Board of Governors involve an expenditure of Rs. 12,95,437 (non-recurring) and Rs. 2,53,190 (recurring) when the School is in full swing. The annual income from fees etc. will then be about Rs. 25,000. The estimates of non-recurring expenditure of the School have been generally approved by the Government of India. The estimates in respect of recurring expenditure are under consideration.
The following recurring and non-recurring grants have so far been sanctioned to the School for the establishment and running of the School during the years mentioned against each of them:-
Year Amount Sanctioned
1955-56 Rs. 47,000/- (Recurring)
1956-57 Rs. 79,518/- (Recurring)
Rs. 4,00,000/- (Non-recurring)
These grants have been paid on an ad-hoc basis subject to adjustment on the basis of actual audited figures of expenditure incurred by the School.
Delhi Polytechnic, Delhi
Actual expenditure Budget Estimates
during 1956-57 1957-58
Rs. 15-39 lakhs approximately Rs. 25.40 lakhs.
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The Institute has continued to make good progress with the Degree Courses started in 1952. Development Plan of the Institute which is to be implemented during the Second Five-Year Plan period has since been considered by its Governing Body. The report of the Governing Body is under the Government's consideration. A proposal to start courses in Printing Technology has also been included in the Plan.
A scheme for the reorganisation of staff and improvement of their terms and conditions of service, as prepared by the Governing Body of the Institute, is receiving consideration.
(Demand No. 21).
BUILDING ACTIVITIES During 1956-57 a provision of Rs. 5.58 lakhs was made for Works in Progress out of which Rs. 3.60 lakhs approximately were spent. A provision of Rs. 6 lakhs was also made for New Major Works but no amount could be utilised during the year as the Delhi Development Provisional Authority has decided to widen the Lothian Road along a line running through the Polytechnic Campus and further construction of buildings on the Eastern side of the road has been stopped for the present. The plans for construction of buildings of the institute are now being revised in the light of the decision taken by the Delhi Development Provisional Authority.
The Building Programme of the Polytechnic during the year 1957-58 envisages construction of the following works:
1. New Buildding at the site of the Old Commerce Block.
2. New Building at the site of the New Commerce Block.
3. New Building at the site of Allnutt Hostel.
4. Additional accommodation for the Architecture Department.
The total cost of these works is estimated at Rs. 14.76 lakhs. For 1957-58 a token provision of Rs. 2 lakhs is being made in the budget estimates for initial outlay on construction.
(Demand No. 133).
Regional Offices The Regional Offices of the Ministry of Education and Scientific Research at Bombay and Calcutta have completed their seventh year and the Southern and Northern Regions at Madras and Kanpur respectively their second year of existence. The main activities of the Regional offices relate to the following:-
(i) To secure practical training facilities in industry and other establishments for the students of technical institutions;
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(ii) To survey the facilities for Technical education and training and to prepare detailed plans for development of Technical education in the region on the advice of the Regional Committee;
(iii) To bring about liaison between industry and technical institutions and between the Central Government and the State Governments concerned in the matter of technical education;
(iv) To advise on the standard of courses to be adopted in the institutions and to watch over the progress of the development of the institutions obtaining grants from the Central Government; and
(v) To function as the Secretariat of the Regional Committee concerned of the All-India Council for Technical Education.
A provision of Rs. 3,19,900 has been included in the budget esti- mates for 1957-58 for all the four Regional Offices as against Rs. 2,81,000 during 1956-57.
(Demand No. 22).
Nilokheri Polytechnic, Nilokhery
Budget provision for Budget Estimates for
1956-57 1957-58
Rs. 2,60,000 Rs. 2,3.6,900
The administrative control of the Nilokheri Polytechnic, Nilo- kheri has been transferred to the Punjab Government with effect from 1st April, 1956.
To meet the payment of the Central Government's contribution of 75 per cent of the recurring expenditure during 1957-58 as agreed to between the Central Government and the State Government at the time of transfer of the Polytechnic, a provision of Rs. 2,36,900 has been made. (Demand No. 21).
Western Higher Technological Institute
Budget Provision Budget Estimates
for 1956-57 for 1957-58
Buildings : Rs. 28 lakhs Buildings : Rs. 21 lakhs
Equipment and staff: Rs. 15 lakhs (National provision for
equipment to reach
through Unesco.
Rs. 32,67,000 Programme).
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On the recommendations of the Planning Committee for the Institute set up by the Government in 1955 under the Chairmanship of Seth Kasturbhai Lalbhai, it has been decided that the Institute should start functioning in July, 1958. Necessary preliminary steps have been taken for this purpose. A planning Officer has been appointed and some staff has been sanctioned to assist him. The construction of staff quarters and hostel accommodation has been entrusted to the C.P.W.D. who have been requested to prepare plans and estimates immediately so that the essential buildings may be ready before the Institute starts functioning.
The Government of Bombay have handed over to the Central Government free of cost a site at Powai near Bombay, of about 500 acres for the purpose.
Under the auspices of Unesco's Expanded Technical Assistance Programme, an agreement has been reached with Unesco for securing technical assistance from the Soviet Union in the establishment of the Institute. This assistance will be in the form of equipment, Professors for certain selected subjects and training facilities for Indian personnel in the Soviet Union. This assistance will be provided out of the Russian contribution to the United Nations Expanded three translators have already arrived in India in two batches. Orders for equipment worth $ 894,700 have also been placed. Supplies up to the value of $ 440,000 will be financed out of the 1957 allocations by Unesco.
The Institute is being planned to provide for a student body of 1200 (900 under-graduates and 300 post-graduates) in different fields.
It is proposed that the Institute should function as an autonomous body from the outset. For this purpose, steps are being taken to register the Institute under the Societies Registration Act of 1860.
Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur The budget provision for 1957-58 consists of Rs. 47.00 lakhs (Recurring), Rs.17.00 lakhs ( Equipment ) and Rs. 33.37 lakhs (Notional).
Under the Indian Institute of Technology (Kharagpur) Act, 1956, the Institution has become an autonomous body with effect from 1st April, 1957.
The second convocation of the institute was held on the 24th January, 1957, when 234 Graduates were awarded degrees.
The Institute provides for a number of under-graduates and post- graduate courses. The new courses started from the session 1956-57
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are Chemical Engineering and Mining Engineering at the undergraduate level, and Meteorology, Design of Fans and Compressors, Machine Design, Industrial Engineering, Applied Botany, Farm Machinery and power and Soil and Water Conservation Engineering at the post-graduate level.
All-India Council for Technical Education
Budget Provision 1956-57 Budget Estimates for 1957-58
Rs. 1,00,000/- Rs. 1,00,000/-
The Coordinating Committee of the Council held one meeting during the period under report.
The Engineering Personnel Committee appointed by the Planning Commission some time ago has recommended that in order to meet the additional demand for technical manpower for the Second Five-Year Plan, 18 new Engineering Colleges for the First Degree Courses in Civil, Electrical and Mechanical Engineering and 62 Polytechnics for the diploma courses should be established in the different parts of the country. The Committee has, also recommended that the distribution of these institutions in the different parts of the country should be decided by the All-India Council for Technical Education having regard to certain considerations and particularly the demand and supply position in respect of technical personnel for the State projects, Central projects, private industry etc. in various regions. They have in addition recommended that admission to the existing institutions should be increased by 20 per cent. for Degree institutions and 25 per cent. for Diploma institutes.
The Coordinating Committee of the All-India Council for Technical Education at its 23rd meeting held on 14th July, 1956, considered these recommendations and decided that each Regional Committee should examine the requirements of the State in the region and make their recommendations in the light of the recommendations of the Engineering Personnel Committee in the new framework of the States after State Reorganisation in so far as the establishment of new institutions is concerned. With regard to the increase in admissions to the existing institutions, the Regional Committees have been asked to make their immediate recommendations taking into account State of development of each institution individually.
The recommendations of the Engineering Personnel Committee relating to the provision of additional facilities, were further considered by the Planning Commission at its meeting held on 20th
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October, 1956. After discussion on the various aspects of the problem and on how the recommendations of the Engineering Personnel. Committee can best be implemented, it was decided that Dr. J. C. Ghosh, Member, Planning Commission, and Shri L. S. Chandrakant, Deputy Educational Adviser (Technical), Ministry of Education, would visit important centres' and discuss the expansion of training facilities with the Chairman of the Regional Committees of the All-India Council for Technical Education.
The Ghosh-Chandrakant Committee, after holding discussions with the heads of various institutions, State Governments and Chairmen of the Regional Committees, submitted its report in January, 1957. This report was considered by the All-India Council for Technical Education at its 10th meeting held in February, 1957, at New Delhi. The implementation of the report is now under way.
Administrative Staff College In April, 1949, the All-India Council for Technical Education appointed an Expert Committee to examine the question of education and training in Industrial Administration and Business Management in its various aspects and to draw up a scheme of Management studies for implementation, In its. report, submitted in June, 1953, the Committee recommended inter alia that an Administrative staff College should be established in the country on the same lines as the well-known Administrative Staff College at Henley-on-Thames, England. The Coordinating Committee of the All-India Council approved the recommendation and a committee was appointed to prepare detailed plans of estimates for the Staff College and to take all steps necessary for its early establishment.
The Society for the Administrative Staff College was registered on 18th May, 1956. The Court of Governors met on 19th May, 1956, at New Delhi and on 26th December, 1956, in Hyderabad. A committee was appointed by the Court of Governors to work out the details and has held two meetings. General S. M. Shrinagesh has, been appointed the Principal of the Administrative Staff College.
Mining Engineering On the recommendation of the Coordinating Committee of the All- India Council for Technical Education, an Expert Committee for Mining Engineering was appointed to consider the development of training facilities in Mining Engineering on an All-India basis. Its recommendations include the provision of additional training facili- ties at the higher level in some existing engineering colleges the expansion of the College of Miring and Metallurgy, Banaras Hindu
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University and the Indian School of Mines and Applied Geology, Dhanbad.
Anticipating the great difficulty that will arise in finding suitable teaching staff for these centres, the Committee recommended that for the next three or four years, a batch of 25 to 30 promising young men who have already qualified in Mining and who, preferably, possess two years' practical experience in working of mines, should be sent abroad annually for further training for a period of about two years. After their return. these trainees should work in educational institutions for a period of at least five years.
The recommendations of the Committee have been accepted and action initiated to implement them.
Development of Pharmaceutical Education The recommendations of the Pharmaceutical Education Committee pertaining to the type of personnel, centres of training and assistance required have been approved by the Coordinating Committee of the All-India Council for Technical Education. The Committee was of the view that in view of the provisions of the Indian Pharmacy Act and the Indian Drugs Control Act as well as ,of the development of the pharmacy and pharmaceutical industry, the annual requirements for graduates in pharmacy may be estimated at 250 over the next five years. The Committee, therefore, recommended that in view of this large requirement for pharmacists, the provision for the training facilities should be expanded on an appropriate scale and at the same time that the existing centres should be suitably developed and the standards of courses improved. The Committee recommended that efforts should be made to establish or develop at least one centre in each major State for the degree course- in Pharmacy. Necessary, steps are being taken to implement the various recommendations of the Committee.
The Committee inter alia recommended the establishment of a Central Institute of Pharmacy under the auspices of the Central Government. The feasibilities of the recommendation have been further examined by the Pharmacy and Pharmaceutics Committee of the All-India Council for Technical Education. The latter is of the view that the Departments of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutics, if started in each of the four regional higher technical Institutes that have well developed facilities for Chemical Engineering, Chemical Technology, Physics, Chemistry and other subjects, will develop, on satisfactory lines. A small Committee has been appointed accordingly to prepare a detailed scheme for starting Departments in the Technological Institutes.
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Printing Schools For the provision of facilities for advanced training and research in the Printing Technology, a scheme of establishment of four regional schools one each in Bombay, Madras, Calcutta and Allahabad in association with the State Governments concerned has been approved. Three Regional Schools, viz., in Calcutta, Madras and Bombay have already started functioning. Arrangements are being, made to start the Allahabad school as well.
German Technical Assistance A committee has been appointed to settle, the various details regarding the offer of Technical Assistance by the Federal Government of West Germany in the establishment of a higher technological institute in India and training of Indians in German Institutions and industry.
The German Technical Mission under the leadership of Professor August Rucker, Minister of Education, Bavaria, arrived at Delhi on the 24th October, 1956, in this connection and held preliminary discussions with, the sponsoring Committee appointed for the purpose. The Mission visited some important Engineering and Technological Institutions, National Laboratories and industrial concerns in the country to get a first-hand knowledge of the standard and nature of work that is being done in scientific and technical education and research.
The German Federal Government have agreed to assist in the establishment of a higher technological institute, in conformity with the fundamental principles and other details envisaged in the Mission's report and as discussed between the Sponsoring Committee and the German Technical Mission. The 'German Government have also offered to provide facilities for industrial and academic training in Germany for ten teachers of the proposed institute. In order to give concrete shape to the Indo-German Collaboration for the establishment of the institute, various organisational, financial and technical details have to be settled between the two Governments. Suitable machinery for the planning and execution of the project has also to be set up. For these purposes, the German Government has. suggested that the Indian Government should designate the appropriate authority that will hold further discussions and conduct negotiations with a suitable body to be set up by the German Government.
The Sponsoring Committee considered the Report of the Technical Mission and the proposals of the German Government at its
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meeting held on 14th March, 1957, and set up a Sub-Committee consisting of four technical experts and representatives of the Ministries of Finance, External Affairs and Education. The Sub- committee will discuss. and negotiate with the appropriate German authorities the form and contents of the agreement to be entered into by the two Governments for assistance to the institute.
Grants to non-University Institutions
Budget Provision for 1956-57 Budget estimates for 1957-58
Rs. 258.55 lakhs Rs. 203.70 lakhs.
(including Rs. 13.55 lakhs for new schemes)
In the First Five-Year Plan a provision of Rs. 494.32 lakhs was made, for grants for the development of Scientific and Technical Education and Research in both University and non-University institutions. The balance available out of this provision of 1st April, 1954, has, however, been utilised for the development of non- University institutions only, since separate provision has been made for University institutions to be utilised by the University Grants Commission. Grants totalling to Rs. 99-73 lakhs were paid during the year ending 31st March, 1956, bringing in the total for the plan period to Rs. 276.22 lakhs. It was not found possible to implement fully various schemes of development for several reasons. For the financial year (1956-57) a budget provision of Rs. 258.55 lakhs was made. This amount included provision for payment of grants to affiliated colleges for the development of Post-graduate courses, and research in Basic Science subjects. An Expert Committee had assessed the requirements of 25 non-Government institutions for this purpose. Non-recurring grants totalling Rs. 10.87 lakhs were paid to the institutions during the year (1956-57).
Against the budget provision of Rs. 258.55 lakhs for 1956-57, grants totalling Rs. 151.289 lakhs were paid during the year for the development/establishment of Technical education under the following schemes:-
A. Schemes initiated during the first Plan period 1. Post-graduate courses, advanced training and research in Engineering and Technological subjects.
2. Degree and diploma courses in Engineering and Technological subjects.
3. Specialised courses such as Printing Technology, Industrial Administration and Business Management, Ore- dressing, Architecture etc.
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B.New Schemes. 1. Refresher courses and summer courses for Teachers.
2. Training of Technical Teachers.
3. Starting institutions. for specialised courses such as Administrative Staff College, Central Printing Institute and Central Institute of Management.
4. Part-time courses for Adult workers.
5. Training of Foremen.
6. Establishment of Junior Technical Schools.
7. Strengthening Administrative Staff College and creation of State Boards of Technical Education wherever they do not exist.
A start has been made during the year with the establishment ,of the Administrative Staff College at Hyderabad. All the other -schemes are proposed to be implemented in 1957-58 with the following schemes included in the Second Five-Year Plan: (1) Improvement of salary scales of teachers of Technical institutions, (2) Scholarships and free places in Technical Institutes and (3) Improvement and development of Commercial and Art Education.
For the continuation of the old schemes and the estimates above- mentioned new schemes a total provision of Rs. 203.70 lakhs has been made in the budget for the year 1957-58.
(Demand No. 20).
Loans for construction of Hostels and Staff Quarters
(Rs. in lakhs)
Revised Budget
Schemes Estimates Estimates
1956-57 1957-58
(a) Loans to Engg. & Tech-
nological Institutions for
construction of hostels 75.17 110.49
(b) Loans to Engg. & Techn-
ological Institutions for
construction of staff qrs. 16.46 10.0
TOTAL 91.63 120.46