CULTURAL RELATIONS
Cultural Agreements/Cultural
Exchange Programme Exchanges in education, the arts, science, technology and information are a potent vehicle for inculcating a spirit of international understanding between people and nations. There is an increased recognition among countries about the importance of cultural and educational exchange in building a stable world community and supporting social and economic development. This makes the role of international cultural cooperation significant.
The Ministry has been actively pursuing a policy of cultural relations with many countries in the world and this forms an essential and valuable part of India's total international effort. From a mere 21 Cultural Agreements signed with foreign Governments until 1970, the number has increased to 65 at present including three agreements signed this year with Mozambique, Nigeria and Spain. This is visible evidence of progress in our external cultural relations. Cultural agreements make for the establishments of new relationships, strengthening of historic relationships and even for re- orienting the existing relationships.
The Cultural Agreements lay down the broad principles of cooperation and the implemented through cultural exchange programmes which specify the details of exchanges. These programmes are formulated and reviewed every 2-3 years. A sustained effort has been made to develop within the framework of Cultural Agreements regular programmes of exchanges with a number of countries, 35 at present including four Cultural Exchange Programmes signed this year with Hungary, Cyprus, Iraq and Algeria. In respect of countries with which regular programmes of cultural exchanges have not so far been evolved, bilateral cultural relations are maintained on the basis of ad-hoc cultural activities such as visit of performing troupes, offer of scholarships etc.
Cultural presentations through performing delegations, exhibitions and exchange of scholars have played an important role in cultural projection and in creating favourable environment in our overall relations with various countries. However, our exchange programmes are now exploring new avenues and are not restricted to the standard pattern of 'student, teacher,art' exchanges. Many more areas of cooperation viz. sport, mass media avenues and are not restricted to the standard pattern of 'student, teacher, cooperation, are a language study programmes, exchange of specialists, participation in conferences, professional and technical training, archaeology etc. have been included. These programmes are proving valuable in providing new dimensions to our international cultural relations.
Goodwill Visit/Official
Delegations. In the development of cultural relations, goodwill visits at the highest level have been historically important. During the year, the Education Minister, Smt. Sheila Kaul, led delegations to the U.K., Cyprus, Nigeria and Spain, Cultural agreements were signed during visits to Nigeria and Spain.The Deputy Minister of Education, Shri P.K. Thungon, Visited Sri Lanka to attend the World Buddhist Conference, Delegations led by the Hungarian Minister of Education and Culture (H.E. Mr. Emre Pozsgay), the Kenyan Minister of Basic Education (Hon'ble Mr.J.K. Ng'eno), the Zambian Minister of State for Education(H.E. Mr. A. D. Chilimboyi) and the Sri Lanka Deputy Minister of Higher Education (H.E. Mr. A.M.R.B. Attanayake) visited India. Besides ministerial visits, an offi-
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cial Indian delegation was sent to Algeria to finalise and sign a Cultural Exchange Programme. Official delegations from Hungary and Iraq visited India for negotiations and signing of Cultural Exchange Programme.
While the Ministry develops and coordinates the International Cultural Policies (including formulation, negotiation and signing of cultural agreements; ministerial and official level visits etc.) the actual implementation of cultural programmes is handled by the concerned ministries/departments and other institutions like the University Grants Commission, Indian Council of Cultural Relation, Archaeological Survey of India etc. which are specialised in handling projects in their fields. This decentralised operation of cultural programmes was continued during the year.
Presentation of Books, Art objects
and Essay competitions Books art objects and essay competitions being important media for promotion and better understanding of life and culture of India, the Ministry continued to provide, funds to the Indian Council of Cultural Relations for presentation of books and art objects to foreign government, organisations, libraries and individuals and or organising essay competitions abroad through the Indian mission.
Assistance to Indo-foreign Friendship
Societies The Indo-foreign Friendship Societies provide useful avenues for the promotion of Indian Culture abroad. These societies organise cultural activities such as lectures, festivals, exhibitions and performances of Indian artists. Some of these societies also maintain small libraries and reading rooms. The Ministry has been extending financial assistance to these societies on the recommendation of the concerned Indian missions abroad. The programme was continued during the year.
Besides assistance to these societies, grants were given to few selected Indian missions for the encouragement of cultural activities among the local population of Indian origin.
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FINANCIAL ALLOCATIONS (IN LAKHS OF RUPEES) OF ITEMS
DISCUSSED IN VARIOUS CHAPTERS
Sl. Item Plan/ Budget Estimates Budget
No. Non-Plan 1982-83 Estimates
1983-84
Original Revised
1 2 3 4 5 6
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
School Education
1. Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan Non-Plan 2500.00 2975.00 3490.00
2. Central Tibetan Schools Administration Non-Plan 105.22 100.20 112.75
3. Bal Rhavan Non-Plan 22.66 23.68 24.14
Plan 10.00 10.00 22.00
4. Cultural Exchange Programme in the field of
school education Non-Plan 1.00 0.75 1.00
5. Educational Concessions to Defence Personnel Non-Plan 1.50 1.70 1.70
6. Population Education Programme. Plan 150.00 113.00 150.00
7. N.C.C. Junior Division Troops in Central
Public & Residential Schools. Non-Plan 3.50 5.50 5.50
8. National Awards to Teachers Non-Plan 3.15 2.91 3.15
9 Educational Technology Programme Plan 200.00 196.00 500.00
10. National Council of Educational Research
and Training Plan 275.00 353.00 310.00
Non-Plan 628.70 640.00 800.00
11. Non-Formal Education Plan 500.00 500.00 650.00
12. Early Childhood Education Plan 15.00 15.00 15.00
13. Mid-day Meals Programme Plan 810.00 -
14. Central Commodity Assistance to the States
in the form of Paper for Non-Formal Education Plan 565.00 565.00 550.00
15. Assistance to voluntary organisations in the
field of school education Plan 3.00 2.50 10.00
Non-Plan 0.26 0.26 0.13
Physical Education
1. Lakshmibai National College of Physical
Education, Gwalior Plan 16.00 16.35 14.00
Non-Plan 23.60 27.55 27.80
2. Grants to Physical Education Training
Institutions Plan 5.00 5.00 6.00
3. Promotion of Yoga Plan 10.00 6.00 10.00
Non-Plan 5.85 6.50 6.75
Higher Education and Research
1. University Grants Commission Plan 47,00.00 47,00.00 57,22.00
Non-Plan 67,68.42 76,00.00 80,00.00
2. Association of Indian Universities Plan 5.50 5.37 15.00
Non-Plan 1.45 1.45 1.52
3. Zakir Husain College, Delhi Plan 5.00 4.80 5.00
Non-Plan 1.95 1.95 2.00
4. Institutions for Higher Learning Plan 5.00 5.00 5.00
Non-Plan 9.50 9.50 10.00
135
1 2 3 4 5 6
5. Loan to Panjab University Plan 20.00 20.00 25.00
6. Indian Council of Social Science Research Plan 100.00 100.00 135.00
Non-Plan 128.00 138.00 145.00
7. jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi Plan 10.00 10.00 15.00
Non-Plan 22.00 26.05 27.81
8. Assistance to Professional Organisations. Plan 5.00 5.00 5.00
9. Indian Council of Philosophical Research Plan 15.00 15.00 25.00
10. Shastri Indo-Canadian Institute Non-Plan 16.00 17.12 18.90
11. Revision of scales of pay of University & Col-
lege teachers Non-Plan 250.00 250.00 200.00
12. National Research Professors Non-Plan 1.00 0.58 1.40
13. Indian Institute of Advanced StudieS Non-Plan 35.00 32.49 35.00
Technical Education
1. Quality Improvement Programme (Direct Cen-
tral Assistance and Communicity Polytechnics) Plan 150.00 150.00 150.00
Non-Plan 75.00 75.00 78.00
2. Programme of Apprenticeship Training Plan 81.00 22.57 40.00
Non-Plan 148.45 150.45 163.35
3. Indian Institutes of Technology Plan 750.00 738.10 700.00
Non-Plan 2581.40 2846.68 2998.82
4. Regional Engineering Colleges Plan 250.00 250.00 200.00
Non-Plan 572.00 625.50 676.95
5. Development of Post-Graduate courses and
Research Plan 80.00 65.00 70.00
Non-Plan 150.00 130.00 130.00
6. Central Institutes (Technical Teachers
Training Institutes, School of Planning and
Architecture, New Delhi, National Institute
of Training in Industrial Engineering, Bombay
and National Institute of Forge and Foundry Plan 125.00 111.11 125.00
Technology, Ranchi) Non-Plan 265.94 265.11 296.74
7. Indian Institutes of Management Plan 200.00 200.00 200.00
Non-Plan 276.72 292.58 311.90
8. Administrative Stag College, Hyderabad Non-Plan 2.50 2.50 2.50
9. Management Education Plan 15.00 15.00 15.00
10. U.G.C. Schemes Plan 660.00 660.00 600.00
11. New Schemes Plan 889.00 889.00 1,000.00
12. Educational Consultants India Ltd. Plan 14.00 14.00 8.00
Adult Education
1. Rural Educational Literacy Projects. Plan 1200.00 1200.00 2500.00
Non-Plan 130.00 130.00 130.00
2. Directorate of Adult Education (including
Printing Press) Plan 25.00 24.50 25.00
Non-Plan 23.17 24.00 24.78
3. Assistance for Voluntary Agencies Working in
life field of Adult Education Plan 75.00 130.00 135.00
Non-Plan 7.50 7.50 7.50
4. Strengthening of Administrative Structure at
the State and District Level Plan 110.00 107.00 -
Plan 15.00 14.00 -
5. Shramik Vidyapeeth Non-Plan 21.39 19.78 21.23
136
1 2 3 4 5 6
Scholarships
1. National Scholarships Scheme Plan 242.00 242.00 400.00
2. (a) National Loan Scholarships Scheme Non-Plan 400.00 300.00 400.00
(b) Write-off of irrecoverable loans and
Advances Non-Plan 8.00 8.00 8.00
(c) 50% share of the State Governments
in respect of recoveries made from
scholars for pre-1974 consolidated loans Non-Plan 16.00 16.00 16.00
3. Scholarships in approved Residential Secondary
Schools Non-Plan 100.00 100.00 105.00
4. National Scholarships Scheme at Secondary
stage for Talented Children from Rural Areas Plan 181.00 130.11 148.50
5. Grant-in-aid of scholarships to students
from Non-Hindi speaking states for Post-Matric
studies in Hindi Non-Plan 33.00 33.00 33.00
6. Research Scholarships to Products of Tradi-
tional Institutions engaged in study of classical
languages other than Sanskrit e.g. Arabic and Persian Plan 1.00 1.00 1.00
7. National scholarships for study Abroad Non-Plan 80.00 80.00 60.00
8. General Cultural scholarships scheme Non-Plan 50.00 50.00 60.00
9. Scholarships for Nationals of Bangladesh Non-Plan 35.00 30.00 35.00
10. Special English Course for foreign Students Non-Plan 0.10 0.10 0.10
11. Indian Scholars going Abroad Non-Plan 9.50 7.50 7.50
12. Partial Financial Assistance to scholars going
Abroad Non-Plan 0.40 0.40 0.40
13. Scholarships to Foreigners for Studies in India Plan 1.00 0.10 -
Non-Plan 24.00 24.00 24.00
Book Promotion and Copyright
1. National Book Trust
(a) Normal Activities Non-Plan 32.91 32.91 32.91
Plan 23.55 23.55 32.16
World Book Fair Plan 0.25 - 23.00
(b) Aadan-Pradan Plan 6.00 4.85 5.65
(c) Nehru Bal Pustakalaya Plan 13.00 13.00 26.05
(d) Scheme of Subsidised Publication of Univer-
sity Level Books Plan 20.00 20.00 44.96
(e) Nehru Bhawan Plan 12.00 12.00 25.00
2. Publication of Low Priced University Level
Books of Foreign Origin Plan 1.00 0.50 1.00
4. National Book Development Board Plan 3.20 2.34 3.00
4. Book Export Promotional Activities Plan 6.00 6.00 7.00
5. Contributions to the International
Union for the Protection of Literary and
Artistic Works and CEP Non-Plan 6.84 7.62 10.00
6. T.A./D.A for Non-Official Members of the
Copyright Board Non-Plan 0.20 0.20 0.20
7. Honorarium to Chairman and other Non-Official
Members of the Copyright Board Non-Plan 0.40 0.40 0.40
8. Purchase of special paper, cards, steel cabinets,
etc. Non-Plan 0.20 0.20 0.50
9.Grant to Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose
Research Bureau for collected Works Non-Plan 1.28 0.50 0.78
10. Raja Rammohun Roy National Educational
Resources Centre-Office Expenses Plan 1.85 1.85 1.40