APPENDIX `R' MEMORANDUM ON ITEM 20 : TO RECEIVE THE REPORT FROM THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA AND STATE GOVERNMENTS ABOUT THE ACTION TAKEN ON THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE BOARD MADE AT ITS LAST MEETING
PART I
ACTION TAKEN BY THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
Item No. 5 : Appraisal of Compulsory Education Programmes and
allocation of funds for them.
Recommendation Action Taken
The Board considered the difficulties The Government of Ind a considered
which had arisen in the implementation of the question of giving accelerated Cent-
the Compulsory Education Programmes due to ral assistance to State Government duri-
lack of funds. The Chairman informed the ng 1963-64 for programmes of primary ed-
Board that the Planning Commission had agr- ucation and Central assistance amounting
eed in principle to providing an additio- to Rs. 1,72,76,500 has been made availa-
nal allotment of Rs. 10 crores for these ble to the State Government for appoint-
programmes during the remaining years of ment of additional teachers. This assis-
the current Plan, of which Rs. 2 crores wo- tance has been given on the usual patte-
uld be provided during 1963-64 outside the rn viz. 50% of the expenditure to be bo-
annual Plan ceilings of the States. There rne by the State Governments and has
was full agreement that if the demand been offered only in respect of those
for additional enrolment was to be met and teachers who would be appointed over and
adequate qualitative standards maintained, above the provisions made in the Annual
it was essential that the additional funds Plans for 1963-64. The allocation of
should be provided throughout the Plan per- funds to different State Governments
iod over and above the Central and the Sta- under this Scheme is as under :-
tes' Plan ceilings.
In view of the increased enrolment at all (a) Andhra Pradesh. 15.06 lakhs
stages of education the Board recommended
review of education plan in order to provide (b) Bihar . . 20.00 ,,
adequate resources over and above the State
and Central allocations to meet the demand (c) Gujarat . 15.00 lakhs
for additional enrolment and for maintain-
ing adequate qualitative standards. (d) Madras . . 21,91,210
(e) Maharashtra 8,73,500
(f) Mysore . 8.00 lakhs
(g) Orissa . 3.80 lakhs
(h) Rajasthan . 4.55 lakhs
(i) Uttar Pradesh . 50,53,790
(j) West Bengal . 25.17 lakhs
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Item No. 6 : Introduction of productive labour in schools
and colleges
Recommendation Action Taken
* * * * * *
The Board approved the proposal The Committee has not completed its
to introduce productive labour in schools work so far.
and colleges and recommended that a comm-
ittee under the Chairmanship of Shri Pra-
tap Singh Kairon, Chief Minister of Pun-
jab, should be set up to work out a de-
tailed scheme of practical character
for implementation.
Item NO. 7 : To consider the report of the Expert Committee
appointed by the Government to work out details of the Scheme of
Correspondence Courses and Evening Colleges.
Recommendation Action Taken
* * * * * *
The Board noted the experiment of The recommendation made at (i) has
Correspondence Courses and Evening Coll- been noted. The recommendation made at
eges and while accepting the report of (ii) will be taken note of at the appro-
the Expert Committee it made the foll- priate time. As regards the recommendat-
owing recommendations :- ion made at (iii), it may be stated that
Evening Colleges are in themselves inst-
(i) The need for expanding the itutions designed to encourage part-time
Scheme to provide for more Evening Coll- study of those who are employed during
eges should be borne in mind; the day time. The Expert Committee has
recommended that the Evening Colleges
(ii) Central assistance should be should undertake the teaching of Librar-
given for five years instead of upto ianship and new subject such as Short-
the end of the Third Plan only; and hand, Typing and fine arts of Music, Pa-
inting,Drama and Dance. As such, it is
(iii) A scheme for part-time cou- not considered necessary to formulate
rses should also be formulated by the another scheme for
Item No. 8 : Integrated programme of National Discipline,
Physical Education and other allied schemes.
Recommendation Action Taken
* * * * * *
The Board recommended expansion of N.C. C. training has been made the
the N.C.C. at the college stage on a compulsory for all able bodied male
priority basis. students in the universities. However,
for women students the training is
optional. The universities and colleges
approved under the U. G. C. Act are
assisted to the extent of Rs. 2,400 each
for the construction of a permanent
shooting range
176
for practice with 303 rifles. A small
committee, as desired by the University Grant
Commission in their meeting held on 7-8-1963,
id being appointed to enquire how the scheme
of N.C.C. training is being implemented,
including its impact on teaching, discipline
etc. in the universities.
Item No. 9 : To consider the need to plan for adult literacy
and for increase of tempo of work.
Recommendation Action Taken
* * * * * *
(a) The Board recommended that (a) Efforts were made for augmenting the
literacy campaign should have high financial resources of the State Government,
priority and its tempo should be eff- by Central assistance. It was difficult for
ectively increased. There should be the Planning Commission to find any signifi-
adequate allocation of financial res- cant amount for adult literacy due to nation-
ources for the purpose. al Emergency. However, efforts are still be-
ing continued to provide funds for the pur-
pose.
(b) In the interest of effective (b) to (d) These points have been duly
implementation of literacy and Social noted and impressed upon the State Government
Education programmes, they should be etc. through this Ministry's various circular
placed under the technical and admini- letters on adult literacy and education pro-
strative control of the Education De- grammes issued to them from time to time. The
partments of the State Governments Education Minister wrote a letter to all the
and Union Territories. Chief Ministers of States etc.and copy endor-
sed to the Education Ministers of wherein
(c) The State Governments and Union inter alia he pointed out :
Territories should take immediate
steps to prepare plans for literacy, 1. "I am sure you will agree with the
follow-up and continuation programmes State Education Ministers' Conference and
covering the field of adult education, with me also, that the programme of Social
and enlist the services of students Education including. Adult Literacy cannot be
and teachers in carrying them out. effective unless the Education Department of
the State Governments and the Union Territor-
(d) The support of voluntary agencies ies accept in its entirety the responsibility
should be mobilised on and extensive for carrying out the Adult Education Pro-
scale in Adult Education Movement. gramme.
2. While preparing Annual Plan Budgets
for Social Education it may be necessary to
pool all the resources available for the
purpose with the Education
177
Departments, the Development Departments and
other Departments. It is advisable to have
such pooled resources under the control of
the Education Departments........."
(e) It is desirable to establish a (e) It has been decided to drop the pro-
National Council for Social Educat- posal for the establishment of National Coun-
ion for the country. cil for Social Education for the country.
Item No. 10 : To consider the need for development of comprehensive
agricultural education pattern coordinated with the national education
structure of the country.
Recommendation Action Taken
* * * * * *
During the course of the discussion, The recommendation has been noted and
members suggested that multipurpose kept in view while framing proposals for the
schools with agricultural stream should Fourth Plan.
be strengthened and encouragement
should be given to rural schools
to introduce agriculture. It was also
suggested that there should be no
distinction between rural and urban
areas and all students passing out of
multipurpose schools with agriculture
as one of their subjects should be able
to go for higher education.
Item No. 12 : Working days in secondary schools in India.
Recommendation. Action Taken
* * * * * *
The Board recommended that the The recommendation has been brought to
minimum number of working days in the notice of all State Government and Union
secondary schools should not be less Territories for implementation.
than 220 in a year with a minimum of
1200 hours for instructional work.
Item No. 13 : Consideration of the report of the progress of
implementation of important Plan schemes during 1961-63.
Recommendation
* * * * * *
With regard to the Ministry's The Director General of Health Service
scheme regarding "Low-Priced Re-Pub- was requested for a list of Standard Medical
lication of Foreign Educational Stan- Textbooks (in the U.S.A. and U.K.) imported
dard Works" Dr. C.B. Singh drew atte- from abroad which are considered useful for
ntion of the Board to the high cost undergraduate and postgraduate medical stud-
of standard medical textbooks imported ents in India.
from abroad. He desired that the Mini-
stry of Education may explore the pos-
sibility of bringing
178
out cheap editions of these textbooks Subsequently, Dr. C. B. Singh informed
also in collaboration with foreign this Ministry that he had also written to the
authors and publishers, Secretary, Medical Council of India for a list
of such standard Medical textbooks as they
The, Chairman agreed to consider the deemed necessary. On receipt of this letter,
proposal in consultation with the this Ministry again approached the Director
University Grants Commission and sug- General of Health Services requestion them to
gested that the Medical Council of get the suggestions from the Medical Council
India might give to the Ministry a and pass them on to this Ministry.
list of such books.
No reply has come as yet from the
Director General of Health Services. On
receipt of these suggestions, the matter will
be taken up with the United States
Information Service or U.K. High Commission,
as the case may be, for considering the
publication of the books.
Supplementary Item IV : Failures in Examinations.
Recommendation Action Taken
* * * * * *
The Central Advisory Board of The following steps are being taken in
Education resolved that the Directorate of Extension Programmes for
Secondary Education for the speedy improve-
(a) The authorities concerned should ment in the teaching and learning processes :
accelerate their efforts for elimi-
nating this wastage through speedy (a) Each Extension Centre has been instruct-
improvements in the teaching and lea- ed to concentrate its efforts on 5 to 10 sch-
rning processes, the creation of con- ools within its area with a view to bringing
ditions for harder and more concent- about total school improvement. In this prog-
rated work, and the better utilizat- ramme attention is focussed on the class-room
ion of school programmes and amenit- teaching and learning. Recently a Seminar of
ies ; about 50 Headmasters of West Bengal was held.
Only those schools which have chalked out a
(b) The Examining Bodies should int- programme of school improvement with the ass-
roduce as quickly as possible the var- istance of Extension Centres were invited.
ious measures for reforming the exam- The Principals identified problems and areas
ination system recommended by the in classroom teaching in their schools requi-
Ministry of Education ; and ring close attention. Plans have been prepar-
ed for intensive work in these areas identif-
(c) The appropriate authorities should ied by Headmasters.
take immediate steps for reorganizing
the school examination system in order
to reduce wastage without lowering the
standards.
The Board further resolved that
in order to effect the reorganization
of the schools final examination on the
lines
179
indicated above, a meeting of the (b) In the field of Examination reform the
chairman and secretaries of School Examination Unit has taken up intensive work
Examination Boards should be con- with three Boards of Secondary Education.
vened at an early date. This body Under this programme, Training Courses for
should examine the problems involved, the paper-setters and the prospective paper-
formulate concrete measures for setters are being organized as it is felt
action and discharge on a continuing that a very urgent need at present is to im-
basis the general responsibilities prove the quality of questions set at the ex-
for implementing this reform. aminations. Already three such training cour-
ses have been organized and more follow-up
As regards the reform of examination seminars for the participants of these train-
at the University level, the Board ing courses will be organized.
recommended that the matter should
be referred to the University Grants
Commission.
The University Grants Commission have
reported the following :
(1) The problem of student wastage due
to a relatively high proportion of failures
at university examinations is a serious and
urgent problem which has been engaging the
attention of the University Grants
Commission. The Chairman dealt with this
problem in his address at the Vice-
Chancellors' Conference held on 28th to 29th
October, 1961 in New Delhi.A number of
studies to examine the causes of intellectual
wastage in the country have been made by the
universities. A reference in this connection
is invited to the following :
(i) Wastage in college education. Arts
students' Arthvijanana Volume 2, No. 1 by
A.G. Deshmukh and A.R. Kamat (1960)
(ii) Wastage in College Education; Science
Students' Arthavijanana Volume 2, No. 2 by A.
G. Deshmukh and A.R. Karmat (1960)
180
(iii)Stagnation in college Education by A.G.
Deshmukh and A.R., Kamat ArthaviJanana
Volume. 2, No.3 (1960).
(iv) The Report of Enquiry into occurrence.
of Wastage and Stagnation amongst University
students, by Mrs. I.V. Bhanot, Department of
Statistics, M.S. University of Baroda.
(v) A statistical analysis of failure at the
pre-degree examination of Poona University
(1960).
(2) The Commission has approved in principle
a research scheme of the Kerala University to
undertake a study of the `role of personality
and intellectual factors in academic
achivement'. The object of the scheme is to
examine the relationship between academic
achievement and factors such as intelligence,
aptitude, interest etc. It will also examine
the problem of student wastage and stagnation
in Kerala.
(3) The problem of failure in examinations
and consequent wastage was also considered by
the Committee on Contents of Education and
Coordination of Research of the Vice-
Chancellors' Conference held in New Delhi on
October 11-13, 1962 vide additional item No.
5. In the view of the Committee, the remedy
lies in the improvement of the machinery of
education, careful admission, better
facilities for training and appointment of
sufficient number of good teachers. The
question was also considered by the
`Examination Reform' Committee of the Univer-
sity Grants Commission. The report has been
circulated to the Universities for comments
in the first instance.