APPENDIX A (a) (ii) : REPORT ON THE FIVE-YEAR PLAN OF EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN BASIC, SECONDARY AND SOCIAL EDUCATION
BASIC AND SOCIAL EDUCATION The First Five-Year Plan of Educational Development of the Ministry falls into eight broad heads as follows:-
1. Scheme No. 1
2. Scheme No. 3(b)
3. Scheme No. 4
4. Scheme No. 6.
5. Appointment of District Social Education Officers.
6. Audio-Visual Education.
7. Expansion of Basic Education.
8. Unemployment Relief Scheme.
The schemes have been explained in the last year's Report to the Board on these items.
The progress of work under the above schemes has been as follows:-
I. Scheme No. 1
During 1955-56 (upto 30-11-1955) Rs. 36,87,572/- was approved for sanction to various State Governments out of which payment of Rs. 12,97,819/- has been authorised so far (Annexure I).
It is not possible to form a precise idea of the progress achieved under the scheme as many State Governments have yet to send us their progress reports.
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(ANNEXURE I)
SCHEME NO. 1
Grants sanctioned to various State Governments in 1955-56 up to
30-11-1955.
S Name of the State Amount sanctioned Amount authorised for
No. payment
1. Andhra 1,23,123 30,806
2. Assam 94,565 23,641
3. West Bengal 7,74,066 3,26,414
4. Bihar 56,792 22,428
5. Bombay 3,21,570 1,00,196
6. Madhya Pradesh 1,29,849 31,472
7. Madras 1,15,156 41,587
8. Orissa 56,263 16,948
9. Punjab 50,413 13,008
10. Madhya Bharat 82,980 20,745
11 Pepsu 67,476 31,262
12 Mysore 67,720 17,160
13 Rajasthan 2,33,426 69,356
14 Saurashtra 1,18,325 48,340
15. Travancore-
Cochin 87,149 31,581
16. Bhopal 3,07,832 1,53,567
17. Coorg 1,88,269 53,319
18. Delhi 5,180 2,590
19. Himachal Pradesh 37,540 9,385
20. Vindhya Pradesh 1,05,816 31,404
21. Tripura 6,64,062 2,22,610
TOTAL 36,87,572 12,97,819
II. Scheme No. 3(b) :-Production of suitable literature for adults and children.
Details of the amount sanctioned during 1955-56 are as follows:-
Madras. Production of literature for children and adults.Rs.18,750/-
Hyderabad. Production of literature for children and adults.Rs. 9600/-
Saurashtra. Weekly Adult Bulletin. Rs. 5,510/-
To encourage worthwhile literature for neo-literates in the various regional languages of the country, 35 prizes of Rs. 500/- each were announced on 2.10.54 and further additional awards of Rs. 500/- each to the 5 of the 35prize winners were announced on 26-1-1955. The Ministry have purchased 1,000 copies of each prize-winning book for distribution in community project areas.
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The Ministry also gives its approval to some books which do not receive a prize. The Development Commissioners have been requested to purchase copies of such approved books. The Ministry announced the second competition on similar lines as the first and have announced 42 prizes of Rs. 500/- each on 2-10-55. Besides, 31 books have been approved and recommended for purchase in Community Project areas. The third competition has also been announced for which a sum of Rs. 1 lakh has been provided.
It has been decided to set up four Vocabulary Research Units in four States. The scheme is for one year and the expense should not exceed Rs. 10,000/- per Unit and Government of India's share will be 50%. Two such units were set up, one in Andhra (the Government of India's share at 50% in that was Rs. 2,500/-) and the other at Travancore-Cochin (the Government of India's share was Rs. 1958/13/4.)
The Ministry also assists in the sale of good books for adults. The demands for State Governments are consolidated and an order placed with the publisher. Quotas for each State are fixed. The Government of India meet half the cost of books plus the transportation charges. The rest of the cost is met by State Governments. At present this scheme is confined to Sasta Sahitya Mandal and the Idara Talim-O- Taraqqi, Jamia, Delhi.
Literary Workshops.
For the year 1955-56 it is decided that Literary Workshops should be set up on a mono-lingual basis for the training of authors for writing for children as well for neo-literate adults. For adults, workshops are being organised in West Bengal, Bombay, Madras and Travancore-Cochin. Expense for each workshop is estimated to be Rs. 11,000/-. The duration of these workshops is to be six weeks and the one in Madras has already started working from 2nd November, 1955. Literary Workshops for children on a mono-lingual basis for the current year are being organised in Delhi, Andhra, Assam, and Madhya Pradesh. These are also for a period of six weeks. Expense per workshop is estimated to be Rs. 10,000/-.
CHILDREN'S LITERATURE A prize competition was announced by the Government of India on 15th January, 1933 to select children's books published in various regional languages during 1953-54. Books were accepted till 30th September, 1955. These are now being referred to two reviewers in each language and prizes will be finally declared after receiving the comments regarding the merits of the books from different angles.
It is also contemplated that the best, out of the prize winning books should be translated in other languages.
III. Scheme No. 4 of the First Five-Year Plan of Educational Develop- ments
Details of amounts disbursed under the Scheme in 1954-56 are given in the following statement:-
Statement showing Central contribution sanctioned to the various
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States under Scheme No. 4 during 1954-55 and 1955-56 (upto 30-11-1955)
S. No. Name of State 1954-55 Utilised 1955-56
sanctioned sanctioned upto
30-11-1955
1. Andhra 1,30,550 64,006 5,166
2. Assam 1,82,998 1,82,215 11,95,278
3. Bihar 3,19,198 - 5,15,513
4. Bombay 94,388 62,196 6,537
5. Madhya Pradesh 8,38,108 5,43,000 56,525
6. Madras 22,809 14,031 -
7. Orissa 34,697 3,927 2,686
8. Punjab 91,069 28,236 3,69,046
9. U. P. 5,77,830 5,72,220 27,042
10. West Bengal 9,96,343 - 12,74,411
11 Hyderabad - - 13,083
12. Jammu & Kashmir - - -
13. Madhya Bharat 4,320 - 720
14. Mysore 23,307 500 15,422
15. Pepsu 2,26,016 Nil 599
16. Rajasthan 5,24,143 49,000 45,000
17. Saurashtra 2,78,018 * 1,02,942
18. Travancore-Cochin 49,457 38,719 2,805
19. Ajmer 8,425 - -
20. Bhopal 90,414 78,828 85,389
21. Bilaspur - - -
22. Coorg 19,079 - 6,536
23. Delhi 14,367 907 2,590
24. Himachal Pradesh - - -
25. Kutch 8,300 4,000 2,750
26. Manipur 23,254 6,978 5,829
27. Tripura 21,696 14,539 17,350
28. Vindhya Pradesh 3,70,589 1,44,449 1,66,407
29. A & N Islands - - -
---------- --------- --------
Total 49,49,365 39,19,626
Note -The grants shown under the year 1955-56 relate to sub- scheme a, c, d, f and g only.
*Separate figures not indicated.
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IV. Scheme No. 6.
During 1955-56 (upto 30-11-55) a sum of Rs. 16,10,094/- has been sanctioned out of which a sum of Rs. 11,23,074/- has been paid in instalments. The institutions which were paid first instalments during 1954-55, are now coming up for the release of the balance amount during the current year. A number of applications are still under examination and more applications are pouring in.
V. District Social Education Officers:
The Ministry of Education have for some time past felt that there are certain drawbacks in the present frame-work of Social education. First, there is no integration of work now being done in the development areas with the programmes of Education Department. The Social Education Organisers in the development areas' (the Community Project and National Extension Service Blocks) receive no guidance or teaching material from the Education Departments and the Departments themselves are deprived of the vital experiences in the field of Social education in the development areas. Secondly, the non- development areas are almost entirely neglected.
To remedy these defects, the Government of India, in consultation with the Planning Commission and the Ministry of Finance, have included in the Five-Year Plan of Educational Development a scheme for the appointment of District Social Education Officers. For the time being a start is being made with 70 District Social Education Officers. In order to assist the State Governments in doing so, the Government of India have also decided to meet 50% of the salaries, allowances, etc., of the District Social. Education Officers. Accor- dingly, the State Governments were requested in May, 1955 to appoint District Social Education Officers in every District. Since the entire country will be covered by C. P./N. E. S. Blocks by the end of 1961, about 300 District Social Education Officers will have to be appointed during the period of the Second Five-Year Plan.
The Government of India have also decided to meet 50% of the salary etc., of an officer of the rank of Deputy or a joint Director of Public Instruction who will be appointed by the State Governments to link up the work of District Social Education Officers with the Education Departments and the Development Departments.
The progress of the scheme is as under:
S.No Name of State No. of No. of Dy/Jt. Amount
D.S.E.O. Dir.of P.I. sanctioned
sanctioned sanctioned
1. Punjab 4 1 4,828
2. Bihar 4 1 18,232
3. Kutch 1 - 1,121
4. Travancore-Cochin 4 1 6,750
5. Bhopal 2 - 920
6. Saurashtra 5 1 7,675
7. West Bengal 9 1 5,114
8. Orissa 3 - 8,222
9. Himachal Pradesh 2 - 3,290
10. Assam 5 - 4,749
11 Bombay 7 - 3,299
----- ----- ------
46 5 64,200
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Tripura State's proposal has been rejected. Pepsu, N. E. F. Agency and Coorg States have sent 'NIL' demands. Proposal from Manipur State is still under consideration. Proposals from the remaining States are stilt awaited.
VI. Audio-Visual Education
The only scheme included in the First Five-Year Plan pertained to the training of Audio-Visual Education Experts by the organisation of Seminars at State levels. During 1955-56, the following seminars in different aspects of Audio-Visual education are proposed to be organised:-
(a) The Government of the Punjab will organise a ten days' seminar at Government Training College, Jullundur, for 30 partici- pants, of which five will be from Pepsu and two from Himachal Pradesh. The Government of India have sanctioned a sum of Rs. 1,000/- as Cen- tral contribution towards the organisation of this seminar.
(b) The Government of Bihar will organise two seminars one on the planning and preparation of charts, models, diagrams, sketches, cartoons etc., and another on play-writing, dramatic technique, stage decoration and folk drama for a period of six weeks and one month respectively. The number of participants in each seminar is 30 and 25 and the Central contribution is Rs. 3,775/- and Rs. 5,400/- respec- tively. A third seminar on the handling of standard audiovisual aids is under their consideration.
(c) The Government of Travancore-Cochin will organise a seminar of one month's duration at one of their training colleges. The total number of participants will be 50 out of which 10 will be drawn from neighbouring States. The Central Government have approved a Central grant of Rs. 5,465/- towards the organisation of the' Seminar.
VII Scheme for Expansion of Basic Education
In 1954-55 a total amount of Rs. 19,87,502/- was sanctioned to 14 State Governments as detailed in the statement attached. Complete information has not so far been made available by the States to enable calculation of the actual expenditure incurred on the scheme and to estimate progress in terms of physical targets achieved. But on the whole progress was rather slow due mainly to the time taken in obtaining necessary clarifications and details from the State Govern- ments to finalise the proposals and to bring them into conformity with the approved Scheme. This resulted in the late issue of financial sanctions in several States; difficulty experienced by a State in finding necessary matching funds in its budget (70% of the total additional expenditure approved) to implement their proposal and finally time consumed in making necessary arrangements i.e., acquisition of buildings and equipment and recruitment of staff before the proposal could be actually put into effect by the States.
As for 1955-56 the State Governments were asked to finalise and send their schemes early in the year' A total sum of Rs. 15,65,869/- representing the Central contribution for one or more quarters has been sanctioned so far to 16 States as detailed in attached statement, and more proposals are under consideration of the Ministry or under negotiation with State Governments for necessary clarifications and/or details. Further instalments of the Central contribution Will be issued when the progress for the quarters for which grants have been sanctioned is reported by the respective State Governments. A complete review of the progress during 1955-56 will be made at the end of the year when reports are received from all the States participating in the Scheme.
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With a view to making necessary arrangements for the training of Teachers and other personnel needed for the implementation of the Second Five-Year Plan, the Ministry have advised the State Governments to formulate suitable proposals for Central Assistance on the approved basis. Meanwhile the Government of India has under consideration a proposal to give special assistance @ 60% of additional expenditure for this purpose during 1955-56.
The question of giving Central grants for buildings for Basic Schools under this scheme is also under the active consideration of the Government of India.
The Government of India decided in June, 1955 that Staff quarters attached to Basic schools will be eligible for Central Assistance on the approved financial basis. The State Governments are expected to send in their proposals for such expenditure.
VIII. Educational Programme to Relieve Educated Unemployment
Two statements, one giving the amounts sanctioned to each State during 1954-55 and 1955-56 (upto 31-11-1955) and those utilized during 1954-55 and another giving the Statewise distribution of teachers and workers appointed during 1954-55 and those sanctioned during 1955-56 are enclosed.
Scheme for Expansion of Basic Education: Statement showing Grants sanctioned during 1954-55 and 1955-56
Name of State Amount in Rupees
1954-55
Amount of Central Grant
Sanctioned Utilized
Remarks
1. Assam 2,71,299 2,07,299
2. Andhra 5,798 2,540
3. Bihar 8,64,487 - information
awaited
4. Orissa 51,579 Nil.
5. Punjab 64,074 Nil.
6. West Bengal 1,72,800 1,72,800
7. Madhya Bharat 96,000 Nil.
8. Saurashtra 2,78,304 Nil.
9. Pepsu 14,400 143400
10. Rajasthan 67,230 Nil.
11. Travancore-Cochin. 59,592 173995
12. Coorg 20,940 20,940
13. Himachal Pradesh 18,000 Nil.
14. Vindhya Pradesh 2,999 1,680
Total 19,87,502 4,37,654
1955-56 (upto 30-11-1955)
1. Assam 96,651
2. Andhra 38,962
3. Bihar 7,34,987
4. Orissa 35,777
5. Punjab 9,616
6. Madhya Pradesh 72,820
7. Pepsu 20,260
8. Rajasthan 61,925
9. Saurashtra 1,38,112