APPENDIX A (ii) : REPORT ON THE FIVE-YEAR PLAN OF EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN BASIC, SECONDARY AND SOCIAL EDUCATION
Scheme No. 1 The general purpose underlying the Intensive Educational Development Scheme is to work out, under favourable conditions, the whole idea of Basic education from the Primary to Post-graduate (Training) level, to develop suitable techniques of work experimentally and by associating with it a comprehensive programme of Social education, to study their impact on the total life of the local community. All the institutions under this scheme will be located in one small compact area so that their activities could be coordinated with one another and they could be developed as a coherent whole. This will provide in each State a centre of progressive education and research through which improved methods and techniques of work as well as material of instruction could be made available to the other Basic and Social educational institutions.
The scheme comprises the following sub-schemes :
(i) (a) A Post-Graduate Training College for the staff of Basic Training College and the administrative personnel.
(ii) (a) A Basic Training College for Primary (Junior Basic) school teachers.
(b) Two Junior Basic schools for practice and demonstration.
(iii) Five Model Community Centres.
(iv) An Integrated Library Service.
(v) Janata College.
(vi) Improvement of Basic and Primary schools.
Financial assistance was offered to the State Governments to the extent of 66 per cent on non-recurring and 60 to 33 1/3 per cent (on a sliding scale) on the recurring expenditure for setting up and improvement of the above institutions.
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The scheme was started in some states in 1952-53 during which year sanctions were issued to 26 states, but only 10 states could implement the scheme (Annexure I). In 1953-54, grants were sanctioned to 14 states (Annexure II). During the current year proposals have so far been received from 26 states, out of which sanctions have been issued in favour of 21 states (Annexure III). The total amount sanctioned on this scheme so far is given below year-wise :-
Year Amount
1952-53 Rs. 33,27,522
1953-54 Rs. 25,79,917
1954-55 (up to 16-11-54) Rs. 43,08,537
It is not, therefore, possible to form a precise idea of the progress achieved under the scheme as many State Governments have yet to send in their progress reports.
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ANNEXURE I.
SCHEME No. 1.
Grants Sanctioned to Various State Governments in 1952-53.
Name of the State Amount sanctioned Amount utilised
Rs. Rs.
Part `A' States
Assam ... ... 3,10,111 66,000
Bihar ... ... 2,10,336 2,10,336
Bombay ... ... 64,893 64,893
Madhya Pradesh ... ... 47,520 ...
Madras ... ... 58,369 58,369
Orissa ... ... 1,72,955 34,650
Punjab ... ... 18,150 9,900
Uttar Pradesh ... ... 3,96,838 ...
West Bengal ... ... 3,84,205 38,597
Part 'B' States
Hyderabad ... ... 30,114 ...
Madhya Bharat ... ... 1,65,153 ...
Mysore ... ... 62,064 ...
Pepsu ... ... 10,988 ...
Rajasthan ... ... 74,481 ...
Saurashtra ... ... 2,38,920 ...
Travancore-Cochin ... 44,346 40,840
Part 'C' States
Ajmer ... ... 66,576 ..
Bhopal ... ... 1,98,000 ...
Bilaspur ... ... 94,915 29,788
Coorg ... ... 89,532 ...
Delhi ... ... 2,60,760 ...
Himachal Pradesh ... 17,460 13,260
Kutch ... ... 8,034 ...
Manipur ... ... 12,500 ...
Tripura ... ... 1,56,610 ...
Vindhya Pradesh ... 1,33,692 54,604
Total ... 33,27,522 6,21,237
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ANNEXURE II
SCHEME No. 1
Grants Sanctioned to Various State Governments during 1953-54
Name of the State Amount sanctioned Amount utilised
Part `A' States Rs. Rs.
Assam ... ... 72,124 *
Bihar ... ... 3,63,808 3,34,911
Madras ... ... 1,20,000 66,000
Uttar Pradesh ... ... 7,36,855 **
West Bengal ... ... 4,78,336 *
Part 'B' States
Madhya Bharat ... ... 56,510 39,086
Pepsu ... ... 42,728 **
Rajasthan ... ... 2,49,969 1,80,098
Part 'C' States
Andaman & Nicobar Islands 14,500 ***
Bhopal ... ... 77,261 *
Bilaspur ... ... 2,23,826 **
Coorg ... ... 80,140 *
Kutch ... ... 2,000 1,502
Tripura ... ... 61,860 40,204
Total ... 25,79,917 6,61,801
* Amount riot utilised.
** Implemented but utilisation figures not indicated.
*** Information not available.
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ANNEXURE III
SCHEME No. 1
Grants Sanctioned to Various State Governments during 1954-55
(up to 16-11-54)
Name of the State Amount sanctioned
Rs.
Part 'A' States
Assam ... ... ... 2,72,523
Bihar ... ... ... 3,61,423
Bombay ... ... ... 3,97,764
Madhya Pradesh ... ... ... 4,01,104
Madras ... ... ... 1,61,282
Orissa ... ... ... 1,77,158
Punjab ... ... ... 4,10,817
Uttar Pradesh ... ... ... 3,21,453
West Bengal ... ... ... 3,84,723
Part `B' States
Hyderabad ... ... ... 67,294
Madhya Bharat ... ... ... 54,962
Mysore ... ... ... 43,183
Pepsu ... ... ... 67,320
Rajasthan ... ... ... 3,13,776
Saurashtra ... ... ... 2,33,511
Part `C' States
Ajmer ... ... ... 8,082
Bhopal ... ... ... 2,66,017
Coorg ... ... ... 86,321
Delhi ... ... ... 1,65,611
Himachal Pradesh ... ... 12,268
Vindhya Pradesh ... ... 1,01,946
Total ... ... 3,08,537
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SCHEME No. 3 (b) - Production of Suitable Literature for Children
and Adults. Under this scheme the Ministry intend to stimulate the production of greater volume and better quality of literature for adults and children.
1. The various items for adult literature are as follows:-
(a) Reproduction in regional languages of the adult education pamphlets in Hindi which have been published by the Idara Talim-o- Taraqqi, Jaima Millia Islamia, Delhi, under a scheme sponsored by this Ministry in 1950.
(b) The Central Government will meet 50 per cent of the cost of publications distributed free of' cost and 50 per cent of the subsidy in the event of the publications being priced below cost.
Detailes of the amount sanctioned during 1953-54 and 1954-55 are as follows:-
1953-54
States. Item approved. Amount
sanctioned.
Rs.
West Bengal (i) For the publication of eight books 21,500
(ii) " " " an album of representative paintings 7,500
Travancore- For the publication of 14 books for children and four books for
Cochin adults. 12,500
1954-55
Assam Two books for Basic education
" " Social education 4,000
Bihar Six books 4,800
Bhopal Four books for Adult education
" " " " children (11-14 age group) 10,000
" " " " " (6-11 age group)
Delhi Five books 7,500
Madhya
Pradesh 12 books in Hindi literature and 12 books in Marathi 23,079
Saurashtra (a) Weekly adult bulletin
Prizes to authors of children's literature
" " " " adult literature 3,005
(b) Preparation and publication in Hindi of the following
three books:-
(i) History of India.
(ii) History of the World.
(iii) Story of Life.
West Bengal Publication of an album of representative paintings 7,500
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LITERARY WORKSHOPS (c) The Government of India with the cooperation of Ford Foundation organised four Literary Workshops for the four zones of India-for Northern India at Alipur (Delhi), for Western India at Panhala (near Kolhapur in Bombay State), for Southern India at Mysore and for Eastern India at Santiniketan. At the Literary Workshops the candidates were given training in the art of simple writing for neo- literates. The following statement gives the more important information about the four Workshops :-
Name of Dates on No. of No. of manuscript States from Name of
Workshop. which or- candi- produced & langu- which candi- Director
ganised. dates ages in which dates were of the
trained. they were produc- trained. Workshop and
ed. remunera-
tion paid
to him
Alipur 1-8-53 to 24 24 in Hindi and Bihar, Punjab Mr. Mushtaq
31-8-53 Punjabi. U.P., Delhi, & Ahmed
Himachal Pra- Rs. 700/.
desh.
Mysore 15-1-54 to 23 Produced 143 pie- Madras, Andhara, Shri T.
14-2-54. ces in the forms Hyderabad, Madiah
of cards, folders & Coorg, Mysore Gowda, Infor-
books. For neo-li- & Travancore- mation not
terates in the 1st Cochin. received.
stage 54 cards,
38 folders and 13
books were pre-
pared, for the 2nd
stage 12 books
were prepared
and for the
3rd stage 26 books
were prepared.
These were pro-
duced in Tamil,
Telugu, Kannada,
and Malayalam.
Panhala 16-2-54 to 23 23 (Each trainee Bombay, Ma- Acharya,
14-3-54. composed a manus- dhya Bharat, S. J. Bhag-
cript of about Madhya Pra- wat
4,000, words) in desh, Saurashtra, Rs. 700/.
Hindi, Gujrati, Rajasthan &
Marathi. Vindhya Pra-
desh.
Shantiniketan 7-6-54 to 21 21 in Assamess, Assam,Orissa, Prof. Priya
6-7-54 Bengali & Oriya. West Bengal, Ranjan Sen.
Manipur & Tri- Rs. 1,000/
pura.
Some of the really good manuscripts written by the trainees at the Workshops are being published either out of the funds provided by the Ford Foundation or under the Ministry's programme of Publication of Social Education literature.
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These books will cater to adults who have not gone beyond the VIII standard and will present them with broad principles on the development of life and of man in an interesting manner.
(c) Early this year the Ministry set up a Folk Literature Committee to encourage suitable literature for neo-literates in the various regional languages of the country. In March, 1954 authors and publishers were asked to submit books for a prize-competition. It was decided that the Ministry will give 35 prizes of Rs. 500/- each, and out of these five books will be awarded a further prize of Rs. 500/- each. The 35 prizes were announced on 2-10-54.
The Ministry will supply 1,000 copies of each of the prizewinning books to Community Projects. The Development Commissioners have been requested to purchase copies of approved books. During 1954-55, the scheme will cost Rs. 1 lakh.
(d) In order to place the writing of books for neo-literates on a scientific basis, a vocabulary research unit for the Delhi area was set up in February, 1954 as a pilot project. The unit has by this time compiled a list of proverbs and listed about 200 words in order of frequency.
The cost of the project in 1954-55 will come Rs. 13,500/-.
(e) Besides the above schemes, the Ministry has also under preparation a popular Encyclopedia for adults who have read up to the VIII standard. The first volume of the Encyclopedia will be brought out during the current year. The work on second volume has already begun. This scheme has cost so far Rs. 15,000/-.
(f) The programme of publication of Social education literature in Hindi, which the Government of India started in March, 1950 through the agency of Idara Talim-o-Taraqqi, Jamia Millia, New Delhi is continuing. Nearly 170 pamphlets have been brought out so far under this scheme. These pamphlets, which are being sent to the State Governments for free distribution amongst the Social Education Centres and other educational institutions, have been well received and have proved useful reading material for neo-literates The programme has cost so far Rs. 2,75,000/-.
The publication of any manuscript produced at the Workshops, cannot be construed as `maintaining contact' with the trainees. It is assumed that the copyright of the literature produced at the Literary Workshops belongs to the Government of India. No formal or informal permission of the writers is therefore considered necessary, should it be decided to make use of a literary product of a Workshop.
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The Directors of the Literary Workshops were nominated by the Ministry. In doing so their past services in the field of literature for adults or their mastery of the technique of writing for neo- literates and their knowledge of Adult education problems was the paramount consideration.
The trainees were paid a stipend of Rs. 100/- each besides single second class return fare.