 APPENDIX A(b)-
REPORT ON THE PROGRESS OF
 EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANS
 OF THE VARIOUS STATE
 GOVERNMENTS DURING THE YEAR
 1950-51

The following is a brief record of the progress made in regard to educational development plans in the States during 1950-51,furnished by the States concerned:-

Ajmer

The Basic and Social Education schemes, were implemented. during the year 1950-51 in Ajmer.

With the introduction of compulsory Basic Education Scheme in September 1950, 65 now Basic Primary Schools (35 two-teacher and 30 single-teacher.) Were opened in the rural areas of Ajmer Tahsil. In addition, 30 existing schools including 3 Girls' Primary schools, were converted into Basic schools. The enrolment in these schools in the month of March 1951 was 3,006 out of 4,000 pupils who were intended to be brought under compulsion. In the beginning, the main difficulty standing in the way of the smooth running of the scheme, was lack of school buildings. But this difficulty is being removed gradually as the villagers are being induced to construct suitable "Katcha" houses for schools. A few residential buildings have boon acquired on rent, to house these schools. The scheme was extended to Beawar sub- division during the year 1951-52 when 85 now Basic schools were started and 30 of the existing primary schools (including 10 for girls) were Converted into Basic ones.

Under the Social Education scheme 50 Social Education Centres including 10 for women were established in Ajmer State during 1950-51.

Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Under the scheme-Girls High School-a separate section for the Girls has been opened in class V, 77 girls have boon brought there. The girls in primary classes, however, continued to be educated with boys. The implementation of the Basic and Social education schemes of the State have riot yet commenced.

Assam

5. Basic Training Centres have been functioning in the state

85 Junior and 2 Senior Basic Schools have been started. 8 teachers were trained during the year 1950-51. The number of pupils reading in the Basic schools is 5,229 (3,312 boys and 1,917 girls).

Crafts introduced in the Training Centres are Spinning and Weaving, Agriculture, Sericulture, Cane and Bamboo work and bee- keeping. Crafts introduced in Basic schools are Spinning, Weaving and Gardening. Efforts are being made to make the training Centres and Basic schools self-sufficient. It is expected that 5 Training Centres with the Basic Schools, under them will give an average income of Rs. 1,000.

After the stoppage of grant from the Centre, the State Government made a provision of Rs. 4,70,800 for Basic Education in the budget for the year 1950-51. In addition to normal work in the Training Centres and Basic Schools Rs. 40,000 have been provided for non-official agencies for management of Basic Education.

As regards Primary Education, there are altogether 9,110 schools, and 13,403 teachers involving an expenditure of Rs. 55,63,302. The area under compulsion during the year covered 1,297.22 Sq. miles with 715 schools and 1,037 teachers. There are 14 training institutions to train teachers.

Advisory Board for Basic Education has recommended for immediate amalgamation of Basic and Primary Education.

The Mass Literacy and Social (Adult) Education launched under the P.W.D. Schemes has been progressing satisfactorily.

Social Education and other forms of Social Services are carried on in Assam by various Religious Organisations like Hindi Mission, Ramakrishna Mission, Christian Mission etc. in addition to the activities of the Social Education Department, which have been divided into four broad divisions i.e., Liberal Education, Rural Sanitation, Cultural and Recreationl activities, Practical and vocational training and introduction of handicrafts etc.

1,140 Literacy Centres were functioning in the State including the autonomous Hill Districts. Out of these 1,140 Centres, 40 were specially for women where only women folk were enlisted. The special trend in the Social Education movement in Assam is that libraries have become very popular with the population. Social education exhibitions were held.

The total expenditure incurred during the year on this scheme is Rs. 3,28,062.

Under the scheme of further Education of ex-service personnel, 12 scholarships were awarded to ex-service men to undergo the training. Most of the scholars will complete their degree course in 1952.

Expenditure of an amount of Rs. 8,34,995 was incurred during the year 1950-51 under the scheme for re-organising physical education on modern scientific lilies in order to provide well trained instructors of physical education in each school and also to provide trained Inspecting Officers to supervise and coordinate the activities in this regard in different schools; trainees were deputed to various insti- tutions. These trainees, after returning to their schools are organising Physical Education.

Two Training Schools have been started on aided basis for the purpose of providing adequate facilities for the training of Primly School teachers in excluded Areas and for raising the standard of Education in Primary schools under the Five year scheme for the development of Tribal areas. These classes are removing the long-felt want of teachers for Primary Education.

Besides there is also another Training school at Lungleh in the South Lushai Hills. This has been given a recurring grant of Rs. 3,600 for providing adequate facilities for the training of teachers in that sub-division.

Five Tribal Middle vernacular schools in Gauhati, Dibrugarh, Nowgang and North Lakhimpur were provincialised with effect from 1st March, 1950. Besides there is no restriction for the children of Schedule tribes, Backward and Schedule Caste Communities to attend any Educational institutions. Special facilities for these classes are given by way of granting them scholarships and free studentships.

There are persistent demands from various districts for taking over more Primary and Secondary schools directly by Government on aided basis and also for strengthening the inspecting staff for proper inspection and better administration of schools in these areas, but owing to financial difficulties it has not been possible to provide necessary staff required for the purpose so far.

Concentrated efforts were made for strengthening and consolidating the existing units which consists of two units of the Senior Division and nine troops of the Junior Division. The results so far achieved are satisfactory. With a view to improve the standard and the efficiency of the units, Refresher Courses were run.

The State Government have welcomed the decision of the Government of India to establish a separate National Cadet Corps Circle for Assam-because of its strategic importance as a Frontier State.

Bilaspur

All the primary school buildings have been renovated. Additional land has been acquired for developing school compounds and adding agricultural farms in some cases. 4 more primary schools have been opened. School buildings of two of these four schools have been completed and the other two are nearing completion. Conversion of the existing primary schools into Basic schools was under consideration. 4 primary schools were raised to Middle standard. 15 teachers have been trained in Basic Education at Jamia Millia during 1950-51 and another batch of 15 teachers has been sent for training.

Suitable expansion in the high school building at Bilaspur has been made. A good hostel building has been constructed near the school building.

Opening of a Junior Polytechnic at Bilaspur was under active consideration.

Building works in the case of other schools etc. could not progress for paucity of funds.

Bihar

Grants were paid to two Montessori type schools, Bal Bihar, Kadam Kuan, Patna and Navyug Vidyalaya, Bhagalpur and also to two other approved schools not following departmental syllabus. Additional grants to the amount of Rs. 66,04,883 were paid to local bodies and District Education Councils for raising the initial salary and payment of salaries already enhanced of the Primary School teachers. Paucity of funds impeded the full implementation of the scheme.

60,475 students were receiving education in the basic education centres . General progress has been made in training. Training in Agriculture has made some advance with the Government subsidies. Science as a craft is being introduced in Patna Basic Training School on an experimental basis. Lack of technical guidance and inadequacy of administrative staff retarded the progress. Craft teaching of teachers and students progressed satisfactorily. In the field of basic education, response from the rural people has been good, though criticism came from urban intelligensia. A grant of Rs. 42,72,768 was paid to local bodies and District Education Councils for the enhancement of pay scales of all the teachers of all recognised non- Government Middle Schools. About 10,600 teachers were receiving enhanced salaries under the scheme, during the year. 6 middle schools for girls were provincialised. 3,400 girls received Education in the 27 Middle schools, so far provincialised

The proposed Secondary Education Act under preparation envisages complete reorganisation of the machinery of the Secondary Education in all aspects. One High School for girls has been provincialised during the year making the total of 14 Girls' High Schools out of 15 to be opened or provincialised under the scheme. About 4,045 girl students received education in these, schools. Short age of trained women teachers and lack of buildings are holding up progress. Grants were paid to 24 aided High Schools in mufassil sub-divisional Headquarters and 24 other High Schools in rural areas for introduction of Agricultural classes. A giant of Rs. 12,01,586 was paid to the Secondary Education Board for the enhancement of salaries of teacher,s' of the fully and partially recognised high schools. 6,630 teachers are being benefitted by this scheme.

Steps were taken to revive and expand 9 Elementary Training Schools for males. 1,890 trainees received training in the B. T. Schools, About 15 trainees were receiving training in the Women Training Classes at Muzaffarpur, Gaya and Patna during the year. The Government sanctioned the establishment of a Basic Training College at Turki. First batch of 50 trainees were admitted in it during the year and the college is gradually growing into a multipurpose institution for higher education.

The enactment of the Patna University Act and the Bihar University Act 1950, will result in the separation of the Colleges at Patina into a purely teaching University and the remaining colleges forming the Bihar University. 275 women students were receiving education in the Magadh Mahila College. Sanction has been accorded to the starting of Post-graduate training class in the college. 25 Colleges have been provided with increased facilities for teaching of Arts and Science subjects. Posts of lecturers were upgraded, additional posts created, equipment and other facilities were provided for the expansion of the existing Government managed and aided colleges.

Grants amounting to Rs. 5,19,762 (N.R.) and 1,08,923 (R) were paid to selected Non-Government colleges towards their furniture equipment, buildings etc.

A Government college of Health and Physical Education has been established at Patna. Funds have also been sanctioned for giving aid to Physical Culture institutions, Akharas and Vyamshalas.

37 new Adult Education Centres were started during the year in addition to the existing 468 centres. All the Basic Training and Post-Basic-schools in the state numbering 32 have been selected as extensive centres for Social Service work. The number of Adult Education Centres had risen to 2,251. and 96,813 adults were on the rolls. Notable progress has been made under this scheme including the formation of roving entertainment parties', the encouragement of rural libraries, arrangement for radio sets etc. Grant's to rural libraries have been distributed in the shape of books purchased in bulk on the advice of an expert committee. Subsidies were paid to the High Schools and Primary schools in the backward areas.

After the revision of syllabus, text books were prepared by a panel of authors, and experts. Then they were published and distributed by Co-operative Societies. Class libraries have been introduced as substitute for prescribed supplementary books. A scheme for the formation of film clubs in highs-schools has been initiated. Under this scheme the schools will be able to arrange with exhibitions, the showing of educational and cultural films to students who join the clubs.

Earnest endeavours were made to promote and establish important centre of Research. Research Institutes covering various fields have been established In the field of linguistic research the establishment of Bihar Rashtrabhasha Parishad is a significant step towards the research and development of the Hindi language. Magadha Institute of research and post-graduate studies in Pali, Budhist Philosophy and allied languages at Nalanda and Mithla Institute of Postgraduate studies and research in Sanaskrit learning, aim at the revival of the glorious traditions of learning of Pali and Sanskrit respectively. A committee has been, established for the reorganisation of the Arabic and Persian education. K. P. Jayswal Institute is carrying on important historical and archaeological research. In the field of scientific research a non-recurring grant of Rs. 1 lakh has been sanc- tioned to set up a small laboratory for advanced research in specific subjects. In order to encourage junior teachers it has been decided to give advance increments. in the salaries of teachers who obtain research degrees.

The Patna school of Art is being reorganised with the object of making it a Centre of Magadhan tradition and progress in the field of beauty. With the initial grant of Rs. 50,000 a gallery is being set up as an attache to the school. Grants were paid to institutions devoted to music, dance, drama and the stage arts. A committee has been set up for this purpose to serve as a neucleus of the State, Council of music, dance and stage Arts.

Certain features of basic education is being introduced in the reformatory school, Hazaribagh. Arrangement has been made for the psychological study of few cases of the delinquent children in the institute by the Psychological Institute of the, University.

Bombay

132 new schools were opined in school less villages. The scheme of compulsory Primary Education was extended to children of the age group 7-11, in 15 districts. From 1st March 1951 in districts of Kolaba, Sholapur, Bijapur and Kanara the children of the age group 7- 11 were brought under compulsion. An, amount of Rs. 1,43,37,042 was spent during the year under this scheme.

Regarding buildings for the primary schools, the Government accepted cheap type designs. 101 buildings were completed and some 592 were under construction. Some 286 sites were also selected for school building. According to the new scheme the primary school buildings are to be constructed with the help of the local people. 'The total contribution received from the villagers in this connection amounted to about Rs. 1041,500.

During the year the craft of spinning and weaving was introduced in 361 primary schools, Kitchen gardening and Agriculture in 101 schools and card-board modelling leading to carpentary in 14 schools. The total number of primary teachers trained in the various crafts during the year was 1,876. 35 Training courses were held, 19 in spinning, 121 in weaving, 1 in agriculture and 1 in carpentary.

An amount of Rs. 16 lakhs was spent towards payment of increased grants to non-Government Secondary Schools.

3. The training College for men, Kathal was fully converted into a Basic Training Institution. The number of these institutions are now three. The new buildings for the Training colleges for men in Panvel were completed. The total number of Training Colleges opened under the Post-war Reconstruction scheme was 12 excluding the Training College for Teachers' Refresher courses, Jamkhandi, which was temporarily closed. The 3 Graduates' Basic Training centres at Bordi, Dharwar and Ahmedabad continued to work during the year. The amount of Rs. 1,57,720 was spent towards the existing six Lokashalas. Total number of trainees in them was 408.

4. Four additional posts of Assistant Deputy Educational Inspectors were filled in during the year, 1950-51.

5. The authorities of the Gujrat University commenced functioning with effect from 23rd November 1950. First rector was appointed. The first convocation of the Karnatak University was held during the year. Certain office staff was sanctioned for the Gujrat, Karnatak and S. N. D. T. Women's Universities. Grants were paid to all the universities in the State viz., Bombay, Poona, Karnatak, Baroda Gujrat and S.N.D.T.

6. 6 additional posts of Assistant Deputy Educational Inspectors of Physical Education were filled in during the current year. One short term course of secondary teachers was held at Kandivali which was attended by 101 teachers. A drill instructor's course and a regular short term course for Physical Education were also organised. Grants were paid to School Boards and Secondary Schools for Physical Education.

Three short term courses in Visual Education were conducted during the vacations of 1950. Secondary School teachers from all the districts of the State of Bombay were given training in the use of various audio-visual aids and theory of audio-visual education in schools. Visual aid exhibitions were also organised. 126 films were purchased during the year and 69 were put into circulation along with the existing ones in all the institutes, 29 non-Government Secondary schools were paid grants-in-aid for the purchase of projectors and their maintenance.

In connection with adult education 16 compact areas have been opened during the year. About 56,000 Social Education Classes for the first test, attended by 1,31,787 adults and 3,979 Post-literacy classes attended by 73,806 adults were maintained'. Of these 65,264 adults passed the first literacy test and 31,064 adults the second test.