FOREWORD

The Committee* was constituted by the Government of India on 5th April, 1967, with the following terms of reference :

(1) To consider the Report of the Education Commission;

(2) To prepare the draft of a Statement on the National Policy on Education for the consideration of the Government of India; and

(3) To identify a programme for immediate action.

We met on 7th, 24th, 25th, 26th and 27th April; 19th and 20th May; and 27th, 28th and 29th June, 1967. We also attended the Conference of State Education Ministers held at New Delhi on 28-30 April, 1967.

We constituted a Drafting Committee from amongst our members on 24th April. It met on 25th and 28th April; 18th, 19th, 20th, 30th and 31st May; 1st, 7th, 8th, 9th and 27th .June, 1967.

In view of our main terms of reference and their urgency, we did not think it necessary, at this stage, to examine all the recommendations of the Education Commission. We scrutinized only its major recommendations along with the comments of the State Governments and others thereon. It will be noticed that our general approach to the problem -differs from that of the Commission in three important ways. Firstly, we have not accepted the recommendations of the Commission for the creation of five or six 'major' universities ,or for upgrading 10 per cent of the institutions at all levels to ,optimum standards. We believe that better results can be ,obtained if we strive to maintain at least the minimum standards in all institutions and offer special additional assistance, on the basis of proper criteria, to those institutions

*The names of members are given in Appendix I. The names of members are given in Appendix II.

(iv)

which show-high-level performance and promise. Secondly, we have placed a greater emphasis on expansion of facilities than the Commission has done, especially at the school stage. We have therefore not agreed to the Commission's proposal that a system of selective admissions should be adopted at the higher secondary and undergraduate stages. We have suggested methods for diverting a large proportion of students into different walks of life at the end of the higher secondary stage which will necessarily reduce pressures on access to higher education. But we believe that every effort should be made to provide admissions to institutions of higher education to all eligible students who desire to study further. Thirdly, we have not favoured several recommendations of the Commission whose main objective was to create certain new administrative structures or changes in the existing ones.* In our opinion, such programmes will lead to increasing bureaucratization and increase in unproductive expenditure.

Subject to these observations, we found the Report of the Education Commission very useful and valuable. We have accepted several of its major recommendations, some with modifications or changes in priority. We have also added new recommendations in certain areas where the ground was not fully covered by the Report of the Commission. All these decisions have been incorporated in the following Statement on the National Policy on Education which also includes a programme for immediate action.

*Shri S. N. Dwivedy is of the view that the Indian Educational Service should be created at an early date to promote national integration.

Report of the Committee of Members of

Parliament on Education (1967)

NATIONAL POLICY ON EDUCATION

        
                                       CONTENTS
        
                                                               Para     Page
        
        Foreword                                                         (i)
        The National System of Education                       1          1
        
        
                  TRANSFORMATION OF THE EDUCATION SYSTEM
        
        Strengthening National Unity                           3-7        1
        The Neighbourhood School                                 8        2
        Adoption of Indian Languages as Media of 
        Instruction at All Stages                                9        2
        The Teaching of Languages                               10        3
        Hindi, the Link Language                                11        4
        Sanskrit                                                12        4
        Science Education and Research                          13        4
        Education for Agriculture and Industry               14-15        5
        Work-Experience                                         16        5
        Character-Formation                                     17        6
        
        
                  EQUALIZATION OF EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES
        
        Pre-Primary Education                                   19        6
        Primary Education                                    20-22        6
        The Ten-Year School                                  23-25        7
        Higher Secondary Education                           26-28        8
        Higher Education                                     29-31        8
        Part-Time and Own-Time Education                        32        9
        Spread of Literacy and Adult Education               33-34        9
        Education of Girls                                      35       10
        Education of the Weaker Sections of the Community    36-38       10
        Education of the Handicapped Children                   39       11
        
        
                  PROGRAMMES OF QUALITATIVE IMPROVEMENT
        
        Teachers : Status and Education                     41--42       11
        New Methods of Teaching                                 43       13
        Curricula and Text books                             44-48       13
        Examination Reform                                   49-53       14
        A Nation-wide Programme of Institutional Improvement 54-58       15
        Student Services, Welfare and Discipline             59-63       16
        Scholarships  Discovery and Development of Talent    64-67       17
        
                  ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION
        
        The Universities                                     69-72       18
        The Voluntary Effort in Education                    73-74       18
        The Educational Institutions Conducted by Minorities 75-78       19
        The Local Authorities                                79-81       19
        The Government of India                              82-88       20
        The State Governments                                89-94       22
        
         
                                         (vi)
        
        
        
                  A PROGRAMME FOR IMMEDIATE ACTION           Para       Page
        
        Priorities                                            95         23
        Total Educational Expenditure                         96         25
        Essential Conditions for Success                  97-101         25
        
                  MINUTES OF DISSENT
        
        Shri R. K. Amin and A. K. Chanda                                 31
        Shri K. Anbazhagan                                               31
        Shri A. E. T. Barrow                                             34
        Shri V. M. Chordia                                               37
        Shri Digvijai Nath                                               38
        Shri Tarkeshwar Pande                                            49
        Shri Dahyabhai V. Patel and Shri R. K. Amin                      50
        Smt. Savitri Shyam                                               52
        Shri S. K. Vaishampayen                                          53
             Appendix I-List of Members                                  54
             Appendix II-Drafting Committee                              55
             Glossary of Terms                                           56