FOREWORD
The Third All-India Educational Survey was launched in late 1973. This survey was unique because, unlike the earlier two surveys, this covered all areas of education right from pre-primary through university, including unrecognised institutions, technical and vocational education, cultural education and educational administration. Due to the comprehensive nature of the survey, each area of the survey was entrusted to a separate agency as follows :
1. School Education-National Council of Educational Research and Training.
2. Higher Education-University Grants Commission.
3. Technical and Vocational Education-Institute of Applied Manpower Research.
4. Educational Administration-National Staff College for Educational Planners and Administrators.
5. Cultural Education-Department of Culture. Ministry of Education and Social Welfare.
National Council of Educational Research and Training was also responsible for coordinating the work of the survey.
In the area of School Education, as many as 26 schedules were canvassed relating to school education and allied areas. Of these 26 schedules, one related to information about Headmaster/Principal of the institution in connection with administration and inspection for the National Staff College for Educational Planners and Administrators and another to cultural statistics in High/Higher Secondary Schools and Intermediate Colleges for the Department of Culture, Ministry of Education and Social Welfare.
The present report provides detailed information about educational facilities and enrolment at the school stage. As separate reports on teachers, school buildings, languages and media of instruction, library and laboratory have been prepared, only a brief reference to these aspects is given in this report.
This survey was conducted in collaboration with the State Governments and Administrations of Union Territories. Inspecting officers at the district and block levels were mainly responsible for the collection of data. We are grateful to all the Directors of Public Instruction/Education and the Inspecting Officers. Our thanks are also due to the Headmasters and teachers of all the schools in India who provided data on their schools and villages.
We also thank the Registrar General of India, Census, and his colleagues for having provided data processing assistance in connection with the survey.
vi
Our thanks are also due to the members of the Advisory Committee for the Third All-India Educational Survey and to the member of the Sub-Committee in the area of school education for giving direction to the Project.
Shri K.N. Hiriyanniah and his colleagues in the Survey and Data Proccessing Unit deserve special thanks for their devotion and dedication in completing the Project.
As Member-Secretary of the Advisory Committee for the Third All- India Educational Survey I was closely associated with the survey. I take this opportunity to thank all the members of the Advisory Committees appointed for each of the five areas for their cooperation and support. In sheer size, the Third Survey was a stupendous undertaking and I am grateful to all those who carried this responsibility for seeing this work through. I am sure that in the years to come the data collected in this survey will be utilised and analysed by research workers, planners and administrators from various angles and for various purposes.
SHIB K. MITRA
Director
New Delhi National Council of Educational
December 1977 Research and Training
vii
Members of the Advisory Committee
1. Secretary, Chairman
Ministry of Education
and Social Welfare,
Shastri Bhawan,
New Delhi
2. Secretary,
Ministry of Food and Agriculture,
New Delhi
3. Secretary,
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare,
New Delhi
4. Secretary,
Ministry of Labour and Employment,
New Delhi
5. Shri J.P. Naik,
Member-Secretary,
Indian Council of Social Science Research,
Indraprastha Estate,
New Delhi
6. Shri T.R. Jayaraman,
Joint Secretary,
Ministry of Education and Social
Welfare, Shastri Bhawan,
New Delhi
7. Prof. Satish Chandra,
Vice-Chairman,
University Grants Commission,
Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg,
New Delhi
8. Prof. M.V. Mathur,
Director,
National Staff College for
Educational Planners and Administrators,
17-B, Sri, Aurobindo Marg,
New Delhi
9. Dr. L.S. Chandrakant,
Director,
Institute of Applied Manpower
Research, Ring Road,
I.P. Estate, New Delhi
10. Secretary,
Planning Commission, Yojana Bhawan,
Parliament Street,
New Delhi
11. Director,
Central Statistical Organisation,
Sardar Patel Bhawan,
Parliament Street,
New Delhi
12. Registrar General of India,
Ministry of Home Affairs,
Kotah House Annexe,
2A, Man Singh Road,
New Delhi
13. Secretary,
University Grants Commission,
Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg,
New Delhi
14. Education Secretary
Government of Maharashtra,
Sachivalaya,
Bombay
( viii )
15. Education Secretary,
Government of Tamil Nadu,
Madras
16. Education Secretary,
Government of Madhya Pradesh,
Bhopal
17. Education Secretary,
Government of West Bengal,
Calcutta
18. Director of Education,
Government of Kerala,
Trivandrum
19. Director of Education,
Government of Rajasthan,
Jaipur
20. Director of Education,
Government of Uttar Pradesh,
Lucknow
21. Director of Education,
Government of Orissa,
Bhubaneshwar
22. Dr. A.R. Kamat,
Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics,
Poona
23. Dr. K.S. Parikh,
Chairman, Committee on Data Archives,
Indian Council of Social Science Research,
Ring Road, IIPA Building,
New Delhi
24. Prof. T.N. Krishnan,
Centre for Development Studies,
Aakulam Road, Ulloor,
Trivandrum
25. Prof. S. Bandyopadhyaya,
Indian Statistical Institute,
Calcutta
26. Prof. M.N. Srinivas,
Institute of Social and Economic Change,
Bangalore
27. Dr. Shib K. Mitra,
Member-Secretary
Joint Director,
NCERT
Research Staff
Read Dr. R. G. Misra (till 24.4.75) Dr. A. B. L. Srivastava (25.4.75 to 17.10.75) Shri K.N. Hirivanniah (18.10.75 till date)
Lecturers
Shri S. M. Bhargava Shri C. L. Kaul
Shri R. R. Saxena Shri P. N. Arora (till April 1976)
Shri D. N. Abrol Shri Satvir Singh (From September
1974)
Dr. K. C. Madan (From May 1975) Shri S. G. Bhatkulikar (From May
1977)
Senior Research Assistants
Shri G. D. Dhall (till September Shri T. R. Bhatia (till May 1975)
1974)
Shri Satvir Singh (till August 1974)
Post-Graduate Teachers
Shri K. N. Rao Shri S. C. Mittal
(July 1975 to December 1976)
Shri J. K. Gupta (till July 1977) Smt. Manju Wadhwa
Smt. Janak Verma (till June 1977) Shri P. Arora
Dr. K.C. Madan (till April 1975)
Contents
FOREWORD v
Chapter I INTRODUCTION 1
Chapter II FIRST AND SECOND ALL-INDIA EDUCATIONAL SURVEYS 5
Chapter III OBJECTIVES AND ORGANISATION OF THE THIRD ALL-INDIA
EDUCATIONAL SURVEY 9
Chapter IV HABITATIONS IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS 12
Chapter V PRIMARY EDUCATION 14
Educational facilities ; Inter-state comparisons ; Facilities in
habitations predominantly populated by Scheduled Castes ; Villages,
primary schools and S.C. and S.T. population ; Primary sections ; Size
of primary schools ; Enrolment at primary stage ; Enrolment in classes
I-V ; Enrolment of girls; Enrolment of Scheduled Castes; Enrolment of
Scheduled Tribes.
Chapter VI EDUCATION AT MIDDLE STAGE 32
Educational facilities ; Inter-state comparisons ;
Facilities in habitations predominantly populated by
Scheduled Castes ; Villages, middle schools and S.C and S.T.
population ; Middle sections ; Enrolment in middle sections
; Enrolment in classes VI-VIII ; Enrolment of Scheduled
Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
Chapter VII SECONDARY AND HIGHER SECONDARY EDUCATION 48
Secondary Stage-Educational facilities ; Inter-state
comparisons ;Facilities; in habitations predominantly
populated by Scheduled Castes ;Villages, secondary schools
and S.C. and S.T. population. Higher Secondary Stage-
Educational facilities ; Inter-state comparisons Villages,
higher secondary schools and S.C. and S.T. population.
Secondary and higher secondary sections-Enrolment in Class
IX and onwards; Enrolment of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled
Tribes.
Chapter VIII School Building, Medium of Instruction, Library,
Laboratory and Teachers. 68
Tables (1-121) 90
Appendices 1. Reconciliation of enrolment figures 395
2. Pattern of classes at school stage 397
3. Blanks-V-1, U-2, SA-3, SB-4 and T-6 398
List of Tables
Sl. No. Title of the Table Page
1. State-wise Population in Rural Areas 90
2. State-wise Population in Urban Areas 92
3. Number of Workers and Non-workers in Rural Areas in every State 94
4. Number of Workers and Non-Workers in Urban Areas in every State 96
5. Estimated Child Population in Rural and Urban Areas in every
State 98
6. Estimated Child Population in Different Age-groups (Rural and
Urban), 1973 100
7. Number of Habitations and Estimated Population in Rural Areas in
every State 101
8. Rural Habitations According to Population Slabs in every State 102
9. Rural Population According to Population Slabs in every State 104
10. Number of Schools by Stages in Rural Areas in every State 106
11. Number of Schools by Stages in Urban Areas in every State 108
12. Number of Schools by Stages in Rural and Urban Areas in every
State 110
13. Number of Primary Schools in Rural and Urban Areas in every
State 112
14. Number of Middle Schools in Rural and Urban Areas in every State
114
15. Number of Secondary Schools in Rural and Urban Areas in every
State 116
16. Number of Higher Secondary Schools in Rural and Urban Areas in
every State 118
17. Number of Intermediate/Junior Colleges/PUC Classes in Rural and
Urban Areas in every State 120
18. Number of Schools according to Management in Rural Areas 122
19. Number of Schools according to Management in Urban Areas 126
20. Number of Schools according to Management in Rural and Urban Areas
130
21. Number of Schools according to Area, Type and Management (Primary
Schools) 134
22. Number of Schools according to Area, Type and Management (Middle
Schools) 135
23. Number of Schools according to Area, Type and Management
(Secondary Schools) 136
24. Number of Schools according to Area, Type and Management (Higher
Secondary Schools/Inter Colleges/Junior Colleges) 137
25. Schools Running in Shifts in every State 138
26. Rural Habitations with/without Primary Schools/Sections 142
27. Rural Habitations with/without Primary Schools/Sections in every
State 144
28. Rural Habitations with/without Middle Schools/Sections 150
(xiv)
29. Rural Habitations with/without Middle Schools/Sections in every
State 152
30. Rural Habitations with/without High/Secondary Schools/Sections 156
31. Rural Habitations with/without High/Secondary Schools/Sections in
every State 158
32. Rural Habitations with/without Higher Secondary
Schools/Intermediate/Junior Colleges/PU Classes 162
33. Habitations with/without Higher Secondary
Schools/Intermediate/Junior Colleges/PU Classes in every State 164
34. Rural Habitations in Different Population Slabs according to
Schooling Facility and the Distance at which Available 168
35. Rural Habitations (Populated Predominantly by Scheduled Castes)
according to Schooling Facility and the Distance at which Available
178
36. Villages According to Proportion of Scheduled Caste Population and
Availability of Educational Facilities 188
37. Villages According to Proportion of Scheduled Tribe Population,
and Availability of Educational Facilities 190
38. Age-wise Enrolment in Primary Classes in every State (Class I)
192
39. Age-wise Enrolment in Primary Classes in every State (Class II)
196
40. Age-wise Enrolment in Primary Classes in every State (Class III)
200
41. Age-wise Enrolment in Primary Classes in every State (Class IV)
204
42. Age-wise Enrolment in Primary Classes in every State (Classes V)
208
43. Age-wise Enrolment in Primary Classes in every State 212
44. Enrolment at Primary Stage in Different Age-groups 216
45. Age-wise Distribution of Pupils at Middle Stage in every State 218
46. Age-wise Distribution of Pupils at Secondary Stage in every State
222
47. Age-wise Distribution of Pupils at Higher Secondary
Stage/Intermediate/Junior College/PUC in every State 226
48. Enrolment under Elective Groups in PUC Attached to Degree College
230
49. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class I Rural)
232
50. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class I Urban)
234
51. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class I Total :
Rural+ Urban) 236
52. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class II Rural)
238
53. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class II Urban)
240
54. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class II Total :
Rural+Urban) 242
55. Enrolment in schools under Various Managements (Class III Rural)
244
56. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class III Urban)
246
57. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class III Total :
Rural + Urban) 248
58. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class IV Rural)
250
59. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class IV Urban)
252
60. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class IV Total :
Rural +Urban) 254
61. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class V Rural)
256
(xv)
62. Erolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class V Urban) 258
63. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class V Total :
Rural + Urban) 260
64. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Classes I-V) 262
65. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class VI Rural) 264
66. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class VI Urban) 266
67. Enrolment in Schools under; Various Managements (Class VI Total :
Rural +Urban) 268
68. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class VII Rural)
270
69. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements. (Class VII Urban)
272
70. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class. VII Total
: Rural + Urban) 274
71. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class VIII Rural)
276
72. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class VIII Urban)
278
73. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class VIII Total
: Rural +Urban) 280
74. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Classes VI-VIII)
282
75. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class IX Rural) 284
76. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class IX Urban) 286
77. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class IX Total :
Rural +Urban) 288
78. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class X Rural)
290
79. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class X Urban)
292
80. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class X Total :
Rural+ Urban) 294
81. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class XI Rural) 296
82. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class XI Urban) 298
83. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class XI Total :
Rural+ Urban) 300
84. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class XII Rural)
302
85. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class XII Urban)
304
86. Enrolment in Schools under Various Managements (Class XII Total:
Rural +Urban) 306
87. Enrolment in Classes IX and onwards in Schools under Various
Managements 308
88. Stagewise Enrolment (Girls and Total) in Rural Areas 310
89. Stagewise Enrolment (Girls and Total) in Urban Areas 312
90. Stagewise Enrolment (Girls and Total) in Rural and Urban Areas
1973 314
91. Enrolment of Scheduled Castes in Classes I-V (Rural) 316
92. Enrolment of Scheduled Castes in Classes I-V (Urban) 320
93. Enrolment of Scheduled Castes in Classes I-V (Total : Rural+
Urban) 324
94. Enrolment of Scheduled Castes in classes VT to VIII (Rural) 328
95. Number of Scheduled Castes in Classes VI to VIII (Urban) 330
96. Total Number of Scheduled Castes in Classes VI to VIII (Total :
Rural+ Urban) 332
97. Enrolment of Scheduled Castes in Classes IX and onwards (Rural)
334
98. Enrolment of Scheduled Castes in Classes IX and onwards (Urban)
336
99. Enrolment of Scheduled Castes in Classes IX and onwards (Total :
Rural+ Urban) 338