PART-I
ABSTRACT- STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
 

INSTITUTIONS:-

-The number of Universities, Colleges and other institutions increased from 8972 in 1985-86 to 9780 in 1986-87.

-Of the 9280 institutions in 1986-87.

* Institutions located in Rural Areas were 1958 or 21.1% in percentage terms. * Institutions catering exclusively for women were 1270 or 13.7%. * Universities and Research Institutions were 206. * Colleges for General Education (Arts, Science & Commerce) of Degree & above standard were 4135. * Professional Colleges of Degree and above standard were 1561. * Colleges for Other Education (Oriental Studies) were 286. * Colleges running Post-Matric courses (below degree level) were 3092.

-Of the 1561 Professional Colleges of Degree and above standard.

* Agricultural (including Forestry) Colleges were 68.

* Teachers Training (Education) Colleges were 442.

* Engineering/Technology Colleges were 258.

* Medical Colleges were 367.

* Law Colleges were 192.

* Veterinary Science Colleges were 22.

* Other Types of Colleges were 212.

Detailed breakup of the institutions is given in Table 1.02.

ENROLMENT:-

-The number of students enrolled in all the Universities, Colleges and other institutions was 6642 thousands.

-Of these 1836 thousand students or 27.6 % were enrolled in attached school classes.

-Women accounted for 30.1 % and in absolute terms their number was 1999 thousand.

-15.2% of the students were enrolled in institutions located in rural areas.

Details of Institutions and Enrolment are given in Table 1.02.

ENROLMENT BY FACULTY AND LEVELS

DOCTORATE/M. PHIL. COURSES

-There were in all 37536 students enrolled in Doctorate/ M. Phil. courses during 1986-87.

-Of these

* Girls accounted for 32.52% of the enrolment.

* Arts (Humanities & Social Sciences) courses accounted for 44.02

* Science courses accounted for 28.66%.

* Commerce courses accounted for 4.60%.

* Agriculture courses accounted for 5.92%.

* Education courses accounted for 2.82%.

* Engineering/Technology courses accounted for 7.21 %.

* Law courses accounted for 0.74%.

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* Medicine courses accounted for 1.92%. * Veterinary Science courses accounted for 0.92 * Other professional courses accounted for 2.20%. * Oriental Studies courses accounted for 1.01 %.

-Of the 12,206 girl students enrolled in Doctorate/M. Phil courses during 1986-87.

* Arts (Humanities & Social Sciences) courses accounted for 54.85%. * Science courses accounted for 28.54%. * Commerce courses accounted for 2.75%. * Agriculture courses accounted for 1.90%. * Education courses accounted for 3.18 %. * Engineering/Technology courses accounted for 3.33%. * Law courses accounted for 0.39%. * Medicine courses accounted for 1.92%. * Veterinary Science courses accounted for 0.09%. * Other professional courses accounted for 2.31%. * Oriental Studies courses accounted for 0.75%.

POST-GRADUATE COURSES

-There were in all 3,92,624 students enrolled in Post-graduate courses during 1986-87. -Of these * Girls accounted for 30.77 % of the enrolment. * Arts (Humanities & Social Sciences) courses accounted for 50.78%. * Science courses accounted for 18.60%. * Commerce courses accounted for 16.16%. * Agriculture courses accounted for 2.00%. * Education courses accounted for 1.10%. * Engineering/Technology courses accounted for 3.05%. * Law courses accounted for 0.75%. * Medicine courses Accounted for 3.45%. * Veterinary Science courses accounted for 0.30%. * Other professional courses accounted for 3.18%. * Oriental Studies courses accounted for 0.61%.

-Of the 1,20,830 girl students enrolled in Post-graduate courses during 1986-87. * Arts (Humanities & Social Sciences) courses accounted for 62.61% of the enrolment. * Science courses accounted for 20.85%. * Commerce courses accounted for 7.73%. * Agriculture courses accounted for 0.73%. * Education courses accounted for 1.57%. * Engineering/Technology courses accounted for 1.06% * Law Courses accounted for 0.38%. * Medicine courses accounted for 2.53%. * Veterinary Science courses accounted for 0.07%. * Other professional courses accounted for 2.06%. * Oriental Studies courses accounted for 0.41%.

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FIRST DEGREE COURSES

-There were in all 36,37,326 students enrolled in First Degree courses during 1986-87. -Of these * Girls accounted for 30.88% of the enrolment. * Arts (Humanities & Social Sciences) courses accounted for 40.90%. * Science courses accounted for 19.23%. * Commerce courses accounted for 21.52%. * Agricultural courses accounted for 0.96%. * Education courses accounted for 2.28%. * Engineering/Technology courses accounted for 5.34%. * Law courses accounted for 5.44%. * Medicine courses accounted for 3.09%. * Veterinary Science courses accounted for 0.21%. * Other professional courses accounted for 0.53%. * Oriental Studies courses accounted for 0.49 %.

-Of the 11,23,342 girl students enrolled in First Degree courses during 1986-87. * Arts (Humanities & Social Sciences) courses accounted for 52.87%. * Science courses accounted for 19.88%. * Commerce courses accounted for 16.21 %. * Agriculture courses accounted for 0.20%. * Education courses accounted for 3.34%. * Engineering/Technology courses accounted for 1.27%. * Law courses accounted for 1.89%. * Medicine courses accounted for 3.26%. * Veterinary Science courses accounted for 0.06%. * Other professional courses accounted for 0.56%. * Oriental Studies courses accounted for 0.46%.

DIPLOMA/CERTIFICATE (P.G. & FIRST DEGREE) COURSES

-There were in all 53,814 students enrolled in Diploma/Certificate (P.G. & First Degree) Courses during 1986-87.

-Of these * Girls accounted for 24.78% of the enrolment. * Arts (Humanities & Social Sciences) courses accounted for 19.41%. * Science courses accounted for 1.35%. * Commerce courses accounted for 0.17%. * Agriculture courses accounted for 0.19%. * Education courses accounted for 6.96%. * Engineering/Technology courses accounted for 11.90%. * Law courses accounted for 6.96%. * Medicine courses accounted for 24.72%. * Veterinary Science courses accounted for 0.26%. * other professional courses accounted for 27.46%. * Oriental Studies courses accounted for 0.62.

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-Of the 13,335 Girl students enrolled in Diploma/Certificate (P.G. & First Degree) Courses during 1986-87. * Arts (Humanities & Social Sciences) courses accounted for 23.41%. * Science courses accounted for 3.64%. * Commerce courses accounted for 0.42%. * Agriculture courses accounted for 0.08%. * Education courses accounted for 13.16%. * Engineering/Technology courses accounted for 4.93%. * Law courses accounted for 3.98. * Medicine courses accounted for 18.58%. * Other professional courses accounted for 31.31%. * Oriental Studies courses accounted for 0.48%.

POST-MATRIC DIPLOMA/CERTIFICATE COURSES

-There were in all 6,84,879 students enrolled in Post-Matric Diploma/Certificate Courses during 1986-87. -Of These * Girls accounted for 23.50% of the enrolment. * Arts (Humanities & Social Sciences) courses accounted for 1.01%. * Science courses accounted for 0.04%. * Commerce courses accounted for 0.074%. * Agriculture courses accounted for 0.21%. * Education courses accounted for 16.76%. * Engineering/Technology courses accounted for 55.79%. * Medicine courses accounted for 5.02%. * Veterinary Science courses accounted for 0.01%. * Other professional courses accounted for 17.13%. * Oriental Studies courses accounted for 3.29%. -Of the 1,60,948 girl students enrolled in Diploma/Certificate (Post-Matric) Courses during 1986-87. * Arts(Humanities &.Social Sciences) courses accounted for 0.83%. * Science courses accounted for 0.12%. * Commerce courses accounted for 1.04%. * Agriculture courses accounted for 0.06%. * Education courses accounted for 34.02%. * Engineering/Technology courses accounted for 22.26%. * Medicine courses accounted for 12.45%. * Veterinary Science courses accounted for 0.00%. * Other professional courses accounted for 26.64%. * Oriental Studies courses accounted for 2.59%.

Number of all Students and Woman Students enrolled under different faculties and their percentage distribution for the year 1986-87 are given in Table 1.05 & 1.06. The corresponding time series data for the period 1980-81 to 1986-87 are given in Tables 2.01 to 2.18.

TEACHERS

The number of teachers in Universities, Colleges and other institutions increased from 308 thousand in 1985-86 to 320 thousand in 1986-87.

-Of the 320 thousand teachers in 1986-87. * 21.08% were women.

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* 37 thousand were teaching in Universities. * 1208 were teaching in Research Institutions. * 177 thousand i.e. more than half were teaching in colleges for General Education (Arts, Science & commerce) of Degree & above standard. * 54 thousand were teaching in Professional Colleges of Degree and above standard. * 121 were teaching in colleges for other education (Oriental Studies). * 48 thousand were teaching in colleges running Post-Matric courses (below degree level). Details may be seen under Table 1.04.

1. USEFUL INDICATORS :-

Gross Enrolment Ratio or GER :

Percentage Ratio- of the Students enrolled in all types of Collegiate Courses to the Population in the age group 18-23 Years gives an idea about the extent of college facilities available in a given area. -Gross Enrolment Ratio for the country as a whole increased from 4.41 in 1985-86 to 4.54 in 1986-87. -GER for Women increased from 2.83 to 2.93 during the same period.

2. PUPIL-TEACHER RATIO OR PTR :

This ratio is defined as the average number of students per teacher for a particular type of institution and is used as a crude measure of the quality of Education.

-PTR for the selected categories of institutions of degree and above standard are

* For Arts, Science & Commerce Colleges 1:28 * For Engineering, Technology & Arch. Colleges 1:14 * For Teachers Training (education) Colleges 1:13 * for Medical Colleges 1:5 * for Veterinary Science Colleges 1:5

PERCENTAGE OF WOMEN TEACHERS :

The percentage of Women Teachers in different categories of Institutions varies considerably.

-Among institutions of degree standard and above the highest percentage was in Arts, Science & Commerce Colleges (25.52) and the lowest in Oriental Studies Colleges (2.16).

Details are given under Table 1.04.

STATEWISE TRENDS :-

INSTITUTIONS :

-Of the 159 Universities (including deemed univ.) in India U.P. had the largest (23) -Of the 4135 Arts, Science & Commerce Colleges of degree & above standard in all the states. * Maharashtra had the largest number (524) followed by U.P. (390). -Of the 258 Engineering/Technology Colleges of degree & above standard in all the states. * Maharashtra had the largest number (74) followed by Karnataka (44), and Tamilnadu (40). -Of the 121 Medical (Allopathy) Colleges of degree & above standard in all the states. * Maharashtra had the largest number (16) followed by Karnataka (12). and Tamilnadu (12). -Of the 442 Teachers Training Colleges of degree & above standard in all the states. * Maharashtra had the largest number (70) followed by Karnataka (50), and Andhra Pradesh (47). -Of the 286 Oriental Studies Colleges of degree & above standard in all the states. * Bihar had the largest number (84) followed by Andhra Pradesh (53) and Rajasthan (35).

ENROLMENT PATTERNS :-

Percentage distribution of enrolment shows interesting patterns among different States/UTs.

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-Against the percentage or students enrolled in Arts courses of first degree level [B.A., B.A(Hons)] at All India Level of 40.9%. * The corresponding percentage varies from 88.5%. in Arunachal Pradesh to 20.6% in Goa, Daman & Diu.

-Against the percentage of students enrolled in Science courses of first degree level [B.Sc., B.Sc. (Hons)] at All India level of 19.2 %. * The corresponding percentage varies from 37.0 % in Kerala to 5.8% in Mizoram.

-Against the percentage of students enrolled in Commerce courses of first degree level (B. Corn. B.Com. (Hons).] at All India level of 21.5%. * The corresponding percentage varies from 41.3 % in Goa, Daman & Diu to 2.7% in Manipur.

-Against the percentage of students enrolled in Teachers Training (Education) courses of first degree level (B.Ed/B.T.)] at All India level of 2.3%. * The corresponding percentage varies from 5.8% in Meghalaya to 0.7% in Manipur.

-Against the percentage of students enrolled in Engineering/Technology courses of first degree level (B.E./B. Tech./B.Arch.) at All India level of 5.4%. * The corresponding percentage varies from 13.11% in Tamilnadu to 0.2% in Manipur.

-Against the percentage of students enrolled in Medical courses of first degree level at All India level of 3.1 %. * The corresponding percentage varies from 5.9% in Meghalaya to 0.6% in Chandigarh.

-For Women Students the patterns are different.

-Against the percentage of Women students enrolled in Arts courses of first degree level [B.A., B.A.(Hons) at All India level of 52.8%. * The corresponding percentage varies from 92.5% in Arunachal Pradesh to 30.0% in Goa, Daman & Diu.

-Against the percentage of Women students enrolled in Science courses of first degree level [B.Sc., B.Sc. (Hons)] at All India level of 19.9%. * The corresponding percentage varies from 42.4%. in Kerala to 5.6% in Mizoram.

-Against the percentage of students enrolled in Commerce courses of first degree level [B.Com., B.Com (Hons)] at All India level of 16.2%. * The corresponding percentage varies from 39.2% in Goa, Daman and Diu to 0.9% in U.P.

-Against the percentage of Women students enrolled in Teachers Training (Education) courses of first degree level (B.Ed./B.T.) at All India level of 3.3%. * The corresponding percentage varies from 10.8% in Haryana to 0.2% in Himachal Pradesh.

-Against the percentage of Women students enrolled in Engineering/Technology courses of first degree level (B.E./B.Tech./B. Arch.) at All India level of 1.3%. * The corresponding percentage varies from 5.3% in Tamilnadu to 0.2% each in Himachal Pradesh and Punjab.

-Against the percentage of students enrolled in Medical courses of first degree level at All India level of 3.3%. * The corresponding percentage varies from 6.5% in Goa, Daman & Diu to 0.5% in Chandigarh.

GROSS ENROLMENT RATIO OR GER:

-GER varies significantly from state to state. -Against the GER of 4.54% for both sexes combined at the All India level. * GER is the highest for Chandigarh (31.0%) followed by Delhi (12.4%) and the lowest for Sikkim ((1.15%) -Against the GER of 2.93% for Women students at the All India level. *GER is the highest for Chandigarh (29.55%) followed by Delhi (11.8%) and the lowest for Arunachal Pradesh (0.64%). Further statewise details are given in Part II of the report.