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| The Constitution | |
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The Constitution of India is the ultimate document which guides State policy in all sectors, including Education. Details of provisions contained in the Constitution, which have a bearing on Education, have been listed on this website under the caption “Constitutional Provisions”. Their more important features are: |
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Provision of free and compulsory education to all children upto the age of fourteen years |
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Education, in general, is the concurrent
responsibility of the |
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However, (a) coordination and determination
of standards in higher and technical education, and (b) institutions
declared by Parliament by law to be institutions of national importance,
are the responsibility of the |
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Local authorities (Panchayats and Municipalities) are to be assigned a suitable role in education (especially School, Adult and Non-Formal Education) through individual State legislations. |
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State Governments and Local Authorities are expected to provide facilities for instruction in the mother tongue at the primary stage of education |
| Important Legislations | |
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Next to the Constitution, State Policy is articulated through legislations. Some of the important Central legislations having a bearing on the subjects allotted to the Department of Secondary & Higher Education are: |
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The Institutes of Technology Act, 1961 |
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National Institutes of Technology Act, 2007 |
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The National Council for Minority Educational Institutions Act, 2004 |
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The National Council of Teacher Education Act, 1993 |
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The Apprentices Act, 1961 |
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National Policies on Education |
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There have so far been mainly two comprehensive statements of the National Policy on Education, viz. those of 1968 and 1986. The former contained decisions of the Central Government on the recommendations of the National Commission on Education, 1964-66. The latter was a result of the renewed priority assigned to Education by the government of the Late Shri Rajiv Gandhi, who was Prime Minister during 1984-89. The 1986 policy was reviewed by a Committee constituted in 1990 under the chairmanship of Acharya Ramamurti. On the basis of the recommendations of this Committee, certain provisions of the 1986 policy were modified in 1992. Thus, in all, the following three comprehensive national policy statements exist on Education: |
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Policy Decisions on individual issues taken from time to time |
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Besides the above comprehensive policy statements, policy decisions on individual issues are taken from time to time, as needed - in the form of Resolutions, Schemes, Guidelines, Orders, etc. |
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