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MONITORING OF PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION
4.1
COMMUNITY BASED MONITORING, EMIS, RESEARCH AND EVALUATION
The
Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan will have a community-based monitoring
system. The Educational Management Information System (EMIS)
will incorporate provision for correlation of school level
data with community-based information from micro planning and
surveys. Besides this, every school will have a notice board
showing all the grants received by the school and the details
thereof. All reports sent to the Block and the District level
with regard to enrolment, attendance, incentive, etc. shall be
displayed on the school notice board. Reporting formats will
be simplified so that the output is demystified and anyone can
understand the data. A school would be required to display the
information it sends up so that attendance and performance of
pupils is public knowledge. The EMIS shall form the basis of
the periodic reporting system. Besides this, trainers will act
as classroom process observers to record changes in classroom
practices. Periodic monitoring teams will make random visits
to selected schools and these will be discussed at various
levels. The basic principle in monitoring will be its
community ownership and periodic quality checks by external
teams – external to the activity but internal to the system.
To encourage independent feedback on programme implementation,
research and resource institutions with proven excellence will
be involved in monitoring at all stages.
The
State Implementation Societies (SIS) will also undertake
intensive monitoring. Representatives of the National Mission
for UEE and National level institutions like NCTE, NIEPA, and
NCERT will also undertake periodic monitoring and provide
resource support to the SIS to strengthen appraisal and
monitoring systems. Efforts to associate autonomous
institutions willing to take up state specific
responsibilities for research and evaluation will also be
made. Many independent institutions would also be associated
in developing effective tools for conducting achievement
tests, monitoring quality aspects of programme implementation,
evaluation and research studies.
A
total provision of up to Rs. 1500 per school per year has been
made for community-based monitoring, research, evaluation,
etc. Rs. 100 per school will be available at the National
level. The State will decide on the division of resources at
various levels, from the State to the school from the balance
Rs. 1400 per school.
The
funds for monitoring will be used for carrying out the
following activities:
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Creating
a pool of resource persons at national, state, district,
sub district level for effective-field based monitoring.
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Providing
travel grant and a very modest honorarium (as per state
specific norm) to resource persons for monitoring.
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Providing
regular generation of community based data.
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Conducting
achievement tests, evaluation studies.
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Undertaking
research activities.
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Setting
up special task force for low female literacy districts
and for special monitoring of girls, SCs, STs.
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Incurring
expenditure on Education Management Information System.
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Undertaking
contingent expenditure like charts, posters, sketch pen,
OHP pens etc. for visual monitoring systems.
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Assessment
and appraisal teams and their field activities.
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Analysing
data at sub district/ district/state and national level.
Besides
community based monitoring, Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan will
encourage independent research and supervision by autonomous
research institutions. Institutions of proven excellence have
been requested to take up State specific responsibilities. The
focus in partnership with institutions will also be on
developing capacities through the interaction in SCERTs/SIEMATs/DIETs
to carry out research and evaluation tasks. Faculty of
Education in Universities, Departments would also be requested
to participate in such activities under the Sarva Shiksha
Abhiyan. The Regional Institutes of Education (RIE) of NCERT
will also be associated in these tasks.
Effective
community based-monitoring requires demystification of
processes. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan will make efforts to develop
partnership between communities and research institutions in
order to improve the quality of monitoring and research.
Since
quality is a major concern under the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan,
its monitoring will be a priority. Monitoring of quality will
require an understanding of processes of programme
implementation. Process and quality indicators would have to
be developed as per felt needs in order to track the quality
of programme implementation. Such efforts would require
partnership with institutions, PRIs, School Committees, etc.
Training and orientation programmes to develop appropriate
monitoring formats, qualitative monitoring through process
documentation, case studies to understand issues
comprehensively, will be required. The monitoring system under
SSA will be multi pronged so that a constant strive for
quality is maintained.
The
system of financial monitoring would also be important in
developing demystified community based approaches that allow
for social audit. All financial monitoring has to work within
a system of social monitoring with full transparency. Joint
training programmes for auditors, community leaders, teachers,
etc. to understand and appreciate the context of universal
elementary education would be made under the Sarva Shiksha
Abhiyan.
NCERT
will undertake base line assessment of learning achievements
at primary level in the Non-DPEP States and at upper primary
level in all states in order to provide a base line for the
Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan. These assessments must also take a
larger view of the assessment process rather than simply a
one-time assessment of achievements. Efforts to develop
context specific item pools for competency testing must also
be simultaneously made.
MONITORING
OF PROGRAMME
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Joint review by Government of India and the State
Government
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Community
based monitoring with full transparency
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Continuous
visit to field by resource persons and suggestions for
improvement
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State
specific responsibilities to research and resource
institutions for supervision, monitoring, evaluation and
research
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Community
ownership mandatory for preparation of District Elementary
Education Plans
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Statement
of expenditure in each school to be a public document
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Mandatory
implementation of many activities by VEC
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